IJSIM : International Journal on Stereo & Immersive Media, Vol. 1, Nº. 1 (2017)

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Seeing with two eyes and hearing with two ears
(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2017) Wade, Nicholas; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da Informação
Immersion in a three-dimensional world of sight and sound is the natural state of perception. It is dependent upon differential spatial patterns received by two eyes and upon time and intensity differences to two ears. However, these have not been the aspects of seeing and hearing that have received the attention of students of the senses in the past. The experiences of a single visual world and the singleness of sound perception have masked attention to differences in the stimuli available to two eyes and two ears and to the ways in which they are processed. Phenomena involving seeing with two eyes have been commented upon for millennia whereas those about hearing with two ears are much more recent. One of the principal phenomena that led to studies of binaural hearing was binocular colour mixing. Direction and distance in visual localization were analyzed before those for auditory localization, partly due to difficulties in controlling the stimuli. Experimental investigations began in the 19th century with the invention of instruments like the stereoscope and pseudoscope, soon to be followed by their binaural equivalents, the stethophone and pseudophone.