ULP/HEI-Lab - Artigos de Revistas Internacionais com Arbitragem Científica

URI permanente para esta coleção:

http://hdl.handle.net/10437/12401

Navegar

A mostrar 1 - 20 de 47

Alexithymia among long-term drug users: a pilot study in Oporto
(MedCrave, 2019-09-18) Souto, Maria Teresa Soares; Alves, Hélder; Dias, Ana Rita Conde; Pinto, Luísa; Ribeiro, Óscar
Increasing scientific evidence supports an association between alexithymia and psychoactive substance use. This study explores alexithymia ́s expression in sample of long-term drug users, undergoing outpatient treatment in public health units in Oporto, Portugal, as well as its ́ association with social demographic risk factors. Data was collected from a sample of 90 adults, participants, mainly men (n=90; 87%), considered to be old consumers (81% with a age>40 years), with a mean age of 46.1 years (SD=8.3; range=21–64).Two instruments were used: a sociodemographic questionnaire and the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). More than 51.1% of the individuals were alexithymic, indicating a high prevalence of deficits in emotional awareness. The treatment period varied from 0 to 15 years, included a medication in 55% of cases, mostly methadone (83%). This profile illustrates the gradual aging of the long-term users of illicit drugs and alcohol with a clear diagnosis of an emotional disorder. Therefore, clinicians who develop treatment strategies may want to take into account the likelihood that many of their patients may be alexithymic; in being so, they should integrate specific psychotherapeutic techniques that promote both the identification and the differentiation in emotionally dysfunctional patients.
Alternative models of DSM-5 posttraumatic stress disorder in portuguese adolescents exposed to trauma and childhood adversity
(Journal of Traumatic Stress, 2019) Santos, Patrícia Correia; Morgado, Diogo; Maia, Ângela Rosa da Costa; Levendosky, Alytia; Jongenelen, Inês Martins; Pinto, Ricardo José Martins
The factor structure of DSM-5 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been extensively debated, with evidence supporting the recently proposed seven-factor hybrid model. However, few studies examining PTSD symptom structure have assessed the implications of these proposed models on diagnostic criteria and PTSD prevalence. In the present study, we examined seven alternative DSM-5 PTSD models within a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), using the Child PTSD Symptom Scale–Self-Report for DSM-5 (CPSS-5). Additionally, we generated prevalence rates for each of the seven models by using a symptom-based diagnostic algorithm and assessed whether substance abuse, depression, anxiety symptoms, and daily functioning were differentially associated with PTSD depending on the model used to derive the diagnosis. Participants were 317 adolescents aged 13–17 years (M = 15.93, SD = 1.23) who had experienced a DSM-5 Criterion A trauma and/or childhood adversity. The CFA results showed good fit indices for all models, with the seven-factor hybrid model presenting the best fit. The rates of PTSD diagnosis varied according to each model. The four-factor DSM-5 model presented the highest rate (30.6%), and the seven-factor hybrid model presented the lowest rate (17.4%). Similar to the CFA analysis, the inclusion criteria for the diagnosis based on the hybrid model also presented the strongest associations with daily functional impairment, odds ratio (OR) = 1.48, 95% CI [1.25, 1.75]; and adverse childhood experiences, OR = 1.46, 95% CI [1.16, 1.82]. Research and clinical implications of these results are discussed, and suggestions for future investigation are presented.
An international study on psychological coping during COVID-19: Towards a meaning-centered coping style
(Elsevier, 2021) Eisenbeck, Nikolett; Carreno, David F.; Wong, Paul T. P.; Hicks, Joshua A.; Ruíz-Ruano, García María; Puga, Jorge L.; Greville, James; Testoni, Ines; Biancalani, Gianmarco; Lopez, Ana Carla Cepeda; Villareal, Sofía; Enea, Violeta; Schulz-Quach, Christian; Jansen, Jonas; Sanchez-Ruiz, Maria-Jose; Y{ld{r{m, Murat; Arslan, Gokmen; Cruz, José Fernando A.; Sofia, Rui Manuel; Ferreira, Maria José; Ashraf, Farzana; Wasowicz, Grazyna; Shalaby, Shahinaz M.; Amer, Reham A.; Yousfi, Hadda; Chukwuorji, John Bosco Chika; Guerra, Valeschka M.; Singh, Sandeep; Heintzelman, Samantha; Hutapea, Bonar; Bejaoui, Bouchara; Dash, Arobindu; Schlosser, Karoly Kornel; Anniko, Malin K.; Rossa, Martin; Wongcharee, Hattaphan; Avsec, Andreja; Kocjan, Gaja Zager; Kavcic, Tina; Leontiev, Dmitry A.; Taranenko, Olga; Rasskazova, Elena; Maher, Elizabeth; García-Montes, José Manuel
Abstract Background/Objective: This study examined the role of different psychological coping mechanisms in mental and physical health during the initial phases of the COVID-19 crisis with an emphasis on meaning-centered coping. Method: A total of 11,227 people from 30 countries across all continents participated in the study and completed measures of psychological distress (depression, stress, and anxiety), loneliness, well-being, and physical health, together with measures of problem-focused and emotion-focused coping, and a measure called the Meaning-centered Coping Scale (MCCS) that was developed in the present study. Validation analyses of the MCCS were performed in all countries, and data were assessed by multilevel modeling (MLM). Results: The MCCS showed a robust onefactor structure in 30 countries with good test-retest, concurrent and divergent validity results. MLM analyses showed mixed results regarding emotion and problem-focused coping strategies. However, the MCCS was the strongest positive predictor of physical and mental health among all coping strategies, independently of demographic characteristics and country-level variables. Conclusions: The findings suggest that the MCCS is a valid measure to assess meaning-centered coping. The results also call for policies promoting effective coping to mitigate collective suffering during the pandemic.
Are measures of marital satisfaction valid for women with depressive symptoms? The examination of factor structure and measurement invariance of the Couple Satisfaction Index-4 across depression levels in Portuguese women
(2020) Lamela, Diogo; Figueiredo, Bárbara Fernandes de Carvalho; Morais, Ana; Matos, Paula Cristina Bessa; Jongenelen, Inês Martins
Marital satisfaction (MS) is a key indicator of mental and physical health. Factor structure of MS measures in individuals with clinical levels of depression as well as their measurement invariance across groups with different levels of depression symptoms were not yet explored. The lack of evidence of measurement invariance might compromise valid comparisons between individuals with high and low levels of depression symptoms in MS. This study examined the factor structure of the Couple Satisfaction Index-4 (CSI-4) among women with clinical levels of depression, tested the CSI-4 measurement invariance across depression levels groups, and investigated CSI-4 convergent and divergent validity. Participants were 891 heterosexual married/cohabiting women who were assigned into one of two groups based on assessment of their levels of depression symptoms. Participants completed the CSI-4 and self-reported measures used to examine convergent and divergent validity. Support was found for the factor structure of the CSI-4 for the total sample and both high levels of depression symptoms and low levels of depression symptoms groups. Subsequent multigroup confirmatory factor analyses supported the measurement invariance of the CSI-4 across depression levels groups. The CSI-4 revealed excellent values of internal consistency and convergent and divergent validity. Our findings suggest that CSI-4 produces comparable response patterns across depression groups and thus meaningful comparisons between groups can be performed.
Assessing reliability and validity of the Child PTSD Symptom Scale in portuguese adolescents
(European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 2019) Pinto, Ricardo José Martins; Santos, Patrícia Correia; Castro, Maria Vieira de; Jongenelen, Inês Martins; Levendosky, Alytia; Maia, Ângela Rosa da Costa
Objective This study assessed psychometric properties of a self-reported measure of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) for adolescents based on DSM-5 criteria–the Child PTSD Symptom Scale–Self Report. We tested the internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and convergent validity. Method The participants were 317 Portuguese adolescents (53% females) between 13 and 17 years old who had experienced at least one traumatic event or one childhood adversity. A subset of the sample (n = 85) completed test-retest measures (interval range between 5 and 7 months). Results Analyses revealed good to excellent internal consistencies, moderate to good agreement test-retest reliability, and good convergent validity. Conclusions Results supported the use of the CPSS-SR-5 scale as a valid and reliable measure for the identification of PTSD symptoms and probable diagnosis according to DSM-5 criteria in Portuguese adolescents.
Burnout in portuguese teachers : a systematic review
(Eurasian Society of Educational Researc, 2021) Mota, Ana Isabel; Lopes, João Arménio Lamego; Oliveira, Célia Regina Gomes
Teachers are one of the professional classes most vulnerable to emotional instability and fatigue associated with their professional activity. The present study is a systematic review about burnout in Portuguese teachers and has two main objectives. The first is to understand the state of the art of the burnout phenomenon in Portuguese teachers from basic education to secondary education. The second is to analyze the types of variables considered in the exploration and understanding of the burnout phenomenon, from a three-dimensional structure: personal, organizational, and classroom. Results show that the set of personal and organizational variables are the most frequently analyzed in studies on burnout in teachers. Nevertheless, the results of the analyzed studies are unclear and inconsistent, highlighting the need for further studies that allow to clarify the role of different variables on burnout in Portuguese teachers. More studies are needed to determine the actual extent of burnout and, consequently, to design educational and psychological interventions to support teachers.
Child sexual myth scale : validity and reliability evidence in the portuguese context
(2020) Chim, Inês; Magalhães, Eunice Vieira; Graça, João Daniel de Sousa; Antunes, Carla Margarida Vieira; Ferreira, Célia Isabel Lima
Child sexual abuse myths legitimize abusive behaviors, involving high levels of victim blame and low levels of offender blame. The present study aims to: (i) adapt a measure of endorsement of child sexual abuse myths to the Portuguese context (i.e., Child Sexual Abuse Myth Scale - CSAMS); and (ii) provide validity and reliability evidence for this measure. A total of 423 adults (66.2% female) filled out a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory, and the CSAMS. The CSAMS validity and reliability results supported the original structure, which comprises three dimensions: Blame Diffusion (e.g., ‘Adolescent girls who wear very revealing clothing are asking to be sexually abused’), Restrictive Stereotypes (e.g., ‘Most children are sexually abused by strangers or by men who are not well known to the child’), and Denial of Abusiveness (e.g., ‘Older children, who have a better understanding of sexual matters, have a responsibility to actively resist sexual advances by adults’). Configural and metric invariance by sex were held, and criterion validity was observed through significant associations between myths, sexism and sex. This study provided evidence in support of the validity and reliability of the Portuguese version of the Child Sexual Abuse Myth Scale.
Childhood physical maltreatment with physical injuries is associated with higher adult psychopathology symptoms
(Elsevier, 2018) Lamela, Diogo; Figueiredo, Bárbara Fernandes de Carvalho
Background: Previous research has neglected the distinction between childhood physical maltreatment (CPM) behaviors and the physical sequelae resulting from CPM. Prior empirical work has combined CPM behaviors (e.g., beat, hit with a belt) and CPM physical sequelae (e.g., bruises, fractures) into a single conceptual category to predict adverse psychological consequences in adults. This is preventing the examination whether specific subgroups of CPM exposure may report a higher risk of psychopathology symptoms in adulthood. The aim of this study was to examine whether distinct experiences of CPM histories (no physical maltreatment, physical maltreatment only, and physical maltreatment with physical sequelae) would be differentially associated with specific psychopathology dimensions in adulthood. symptoms Method: Data were drawn from the Portuguese National Representative Study of Psychosocial Context of Child Abuse and Neglect (N = 941). Participants completed the Childhood History Questionnaire and the Brief Symptom Inventory. Results: Three groups were created based on participants' experience of CPM assessed by the Childhood History Questionnaire. Participants who reported that suffered physical sequelae of the CPM exhibited significantly higher symptoms in all psychopathology dimensions than participants with no history of CPM and participants that were exposed to physical maltreatment without sequelae. Conclusions: These findings suggest that clinicians should discriminate CPM behavior from CPM physical sequelae in order to increase effectiveness of mental health treatment with adults with history of CPM. Our findings are discussed in light of the evolutionary-developmental frameworks of adaptative development and cumulative risk hypothesis.
Coparenting and relationship satisfaction in mothers: The moderating role of sociosexuality
(2020) Lamela, Diogo; Figueiredo, Bárbara Fernandes de Carvalho; Jongenelen, Inês Martins; Simpson, Jeffry A.; Morais, Ana
This study explored the moderating efect of sociosexual orientation on the association between coparenting alliance/coparenting confict and relationship satisfaction in mothers in a romantic relationship. Sociosexuality is defned as a personality trait that refects the individual diference in willingness to engage in uncommitted sexual relations. The study examined a community sample of 635 Portuguese mothers with a monogamous heterosexual relationship. Data on coparenting, relationship satisfaction, and sociosexual orientation were collected. The results revealed the moderating efect of sociosexuality on the signifcant associations between both coparenting alliance and coparenting confict predicting relationship satisfaction. For the association between coparenting alliance and relationship satisfaction, mothers with a more restricted sociosexual orientation reported the highest levels of satisfaction when their coparenting alliance was high, but the lowest levels of satisfaction when coparenting alliance was low. For the association between coparenting confict and relationship satisfaction, mothers with a more restricted sociosexual orientation reported the highest levels of satisfaction when their coparenting confict was low, but the lowest levels when coparenting confict was high. Together, the results suggest that especially for women with a more restricted sociosexual orientation, coparenting quality explains signifcant interindividual variability in relationship satisfaction
Criminal lifestyle, psychopathy and prison adjustment among female inmates
(Journal of Criminal Justice, 2021) Pinheiro, Marina; Gonçalves, Rui Abrunhosa; Cunha, Olga Cecília Soares da
Several studies have sought the factors that are related to prison adjustment. However, this construct is poorly explored among female populations and even less so in those with characteristics of psychopathy. Thus, the present study aims to understand prison adjustment among female offenders and determine the role of psychopathy and criminal lifestyle in predicting it. Both institutional infractions and health care utilization were used as indicators of prison adjustment. A sample of 63 female offenders was assessed with the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) and the Lifestyle Criminality Screening Form-Revised (LSCF-R). 88.9% of female offenders search for health care services, and 67.2% had at least one institutional infraction. Negative binomial regressions revealed that PCL-R total scores, LSCF-R total scores, and drug abuse were predictors of institutional infractions. None of the assessed variables are statistically associated with health care services utilization. These results are of particular importance for psychologists and correctional managers, given the interest in reducing the risk of maladjustment and increase the process of adaptation to prison.
A cumulative risk model of child physical maltreatment potential: Findings from a community-based study
(2018) Lamela, Diogo; Figueiredo, Bárbara Fernandes de Carvalho
Previous studies have identified the predictive risk factors of child physical maltreatment (CPM). However, a significant number of these studies assessed risk factors in isolation. The cumulative risk hypothesis postulates that health problems are caused by the accumulation of risk factors, independently of the presence or absence of specific risk indicators. Few studies examined the effect of cumulative risk on CPM potential. This study aimed to test two concurrent models of cumulative risk of CPM potential by investigating whether CPM potential was better predicted by a threshold cumulative risk model or a linear cumulative risk model. Data from the National Representative Study of Psychosocial Context of Child Abuse and Neglect in Portugal were used. Parents of school-age children (N = 796) answered to self-report measures regarding sociodemographic variables, history of child maltreatment, psychological distress, and CPM potential. A cumulative risk index was computed, comprising 10 dichotomized risk factors. Evidence for a threshold cumulative effect was found. Additional bivariate logistic regressions revealed that the odds for high-potential CPM were dramatically higher for those parents with six or more risk factors when compared with parents with any one risk factor. By testing and confirming a threshold cumulative effect on CPM potential, it was possible to find a “trigger point” from which a dramatic increase in child physical maltreatment potential occurs.
Dealing With the Pandemic of COVID-19 in Portugal: On the Important Role of Positivity, Experiential Avoidance, and Coping Strategies
(Frontiers in Psychology, 2021-06-24) Ferreira, Maria José Pereira; Sofia, Rui Manuel; Carreno, David F.; Eisenbeck, Nikolett; Jongenelen, Inês Martins; Cruz, José Fernando S. Azevedo
The global COVID-19 pandemic crisis has caused an unprecedented impact on most areas of people’s lives. Thus, framed within the scope of Existential Positive Psychology (PP2.0), this study aimed at assessing the psychological distress of adults living in Portugal during the first national lockdown, how they are coping with stress, as well to contribute to a deeper understanding about the role that positivity, experiential avoidance, and coping strategies have in psychological distress and well-being. For this purpose, 586 Portuguese adults (73% females) ranging between 18 and 78 years old (M = 38.96, SD = 12.20) completed an online survey during the initial phase of the pandemic crisis in Portugal. Findings suggest that experiential avoidance was the strongest predictor of a negative response (depression, anxiety, stress, loneliness, and negative emotions), whereas positivity was a better predictor of psychological well-being and lower levels of depression. Additionally, self-blame, behavioral disengagement, and emotional venting were strong risk factors for psychological distress, whereas positive reframing, planning, and acceptance were associated with more positive outcomes. These findings highlight the critical role of experiential avoidance on individuals’ psychological distress and the essential contribution of positive life orientation in promoting flourishing. By offering a better understanding of the complex navigation through the dialectics between positive and negative life features, this study provides important and useful cues for psychological interventions directed at promoting a more positive and adaptive human functioning even through such potential adverse and painful life events.
Delinquência juvenil em Portugal: estudo qualitativo das histórias de vida de jovens reclusos
(Journals Bahia Scholl of medicine and public Health, 2018-03) Dias, Ana Rita Conde; Teixeira, Silvana Daniela Ventura
Research on juvenile delinquency at the international level is mainly characterized by quantitative studies, trying to measure the phenomenon in terms of prevalence, to identify predictors and risk factors. Qualitative studies that attempt to understand the life experiences of young offenders are fewer and, specifically in Portugal, are even more scarce. The present study tries to fill this gap, trying to understand the life trajectories and the meaning of the experiences of the young delinquents. Thus, the life histories of nine young offenders who have committed crimes and are being detained in an educational center are analyzed. The study aims to identify the most relevant areas and life experiences of young offenders and how they are meant and experienced. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. The analysis resulted in the identification of five central themes: family, peer group, delinquent behaviors, school path and institutionalization/prison. The results indicate that antisocial/delinquent behavior is, in fact, one of the predominant themes in discourse, which is revealed in most cases in experiences shared with peers, such as substance use, property crimes and offenses to physical integrity. Regrets and feelings of guilt arise associated with the description of criminal behavior. It is concluded that, at the level of prevention, the relational component should be the object of attention, namely the family relations and the relationship with the peers. The school component is also important, because there is a lack of positive experiences and success in school.
Determinantes individuais e organizacionais na percepção de indisciplina em sala de aula. Um estudo transcultural
(Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidade da Coruña, 2020) Cadete, Odete da Conceição Ferreira; Oliveira, Célia Regina Gomes; Lopes, João Arménio Lamego
A indisciplina nas escolas e os comportamentos desafiadores dos alunos constituem uma das principais preocupações dos professores, administradores e pais. Esta investigação visa comparar as percepções de indisciplina em salas de aula do ensino primário e secundário em estabelecimentos de ensino públicos e privados de Angola e Portugal. Participaram no estudo 1600 professores: 800 professores angolanos (493 homens e 307 mulheres) e 800 professores portugueses (181 homens e 619 mulheres). Os professores angolanos reportaram como ocorrendo com maior frequência comportamentos como intervir fora de vez, agressão verbal e desrespeito ao professor, enquanto os professores portugueses indicaram o comportamento de desatenção como sendo o mais frequente. As percepções de indisciplina diferem também em função do tipo de escola, do género e experiência profissional dos professores. Considerando que Angola saiu recentemente de décadas de guerra e enfrenta problemas cujo impacto na disciplina nas salas de aula não é suficientemente conhecido, pretende-se que este estudo seja inovador em Angola e que possa assumir uma dimensão transcultural, nomeadamente através da comparação de algumas variáveis e tipos de indisciplina com países como Portugal.
Error patterns in Portuguese students’ addition and subtraction calculation tasks : implications for teaching
(Emerald, 2018) Watson, Silvana Maria; Lopes, João Arménio Lamego; Oliveira, Célia Regina Gomes; Judge, Sharon
Purpose The purpose of this descriptive study is to investigate why some elementary children have difficulties mastering addition and subtraction calculation tasks. Design/methodology/approach The researchers have examined error types in addition and subtraction calculation made by 697 Portuguese students in elementary grades. Each student completed a written assessment of mathematical knowledge. A system code (e.g. FR = failure to regroup) has been used to grade the tests. A reliability check has been performed on 65 per cent randomly selected exams. Findings Data frequency analyses reveal that the most common type of error was miscalculation for both addition (n = 164; 38.6 per cent) and subtraction (n = 180; 21.7 per cent). The second most common error type was related to failure to regroup in addition (n = 74; 17.5 per cent) and subtraction (n = 139; 16.3 per cent). Frequency of error types by grade level has been provided. Findings from the hierarchical regression analyses indicate that students’ performance differences emerged as a function of error types which indicated students’ types of difficulties. Research limitations/implications There are several limitations of this study: the use of a convenient sample; all schools were located in the northern region of Portugal; the limited number of problems; and the time of the year of assessment. Practical implications Students’ errors suggested that their performance in calculation tasks is related to conceptual and procedural knowledge and skills. Error analysis allows teachers to better understand the individual performance of a diverse group and to tailor instruction to ensure that all students have an opportunity to succeed in mathematics. Social implications Error analysis helps teachers uncover individual students’ difficulties and deliver meaningful instruction to all students. Originality/value This paper adds to the international literature on error analysis and reinforces its value in diagnosing students’ type and severity of math difficulties.
Ethical decision-making training goes virtual
(American Psychological Association, 2021) Oliveira, Miguel; Gamito, Pedro; Dias, Ana Rita Conde; Souto, Maria Teresa Soares; Dias, Fábio; Alves de Sousa, João; Ricou, Miguel; Marina, Silvia
We present the VREthics application that enables immersive training in ethical decision making of internship psychologist. The development of this app is supported on theoretical information regarding best practices for ethics decisions in Psychology and technological issues concerning the system design. Eleven internship psychologists tested the VREthics and were questioned about their subjective assessment of the app, the VR training experience and its impact on the learning process. They reported a positive appreciation of both the VR training experience (43.52%) and of the impact on their training (31.98%). The most referenced characteristic is related to the realism and interactivity of the case, allowing them a sense of presence. Results are accordingly to the scarce literature and suggest that the VR training can be an important resource for practical learning, providing an educational context close to the real, interactive and engaging context. Therefore, the use of technological tools, more specifically VR, should be integrated in the psychologists skills´ training of the utmost relevance to practice, namely in ethical decision-making. The next steps will be to implement VREthics in the initial training plan for internship psychologists at the Portuguese Psychologists Association, being a differentiating tool in their training that allows a more practical and interactive level of access to fundamental theoretical concepts.
Health behaviors as a mediator of the association between interpersonal relationships and physical health in a workplace context
(MDPI - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2019) Dinis, M. A. P.; Sousa, Helder Fernando Pedrosa e; Moura, Andreia de Paiva Ribeiro de; Viterbo, Lilian Monteiro Ferrari; Pinto, Ricardo José Martins
The etiology of diseases is multifactorial, involving genetic, environmental, and lifestyle-related behaviors. Considering the pathway that involves behavioral processes, a huge body of empirical evidence has shown that some healthy behaviors such as non-smoking, any or moderate alcohol consumption, a healthy diet, (e.g., fruit and vegetable intake), and physical activity, decrease the risk of disease and mortality. This study aimed to explore the potential mediating effect of combined health behaviors on the association between interpersonal relationships and physical health in a Brazilian adult worker population from the Occupational Health Service within the oil industry in Bahia, Brazil. The sample included 611 workers, of which 567 (92.8%) were males and 44 (7.2%) females, age ranging from 18 to 73 years (M = 41.95; SD = 8.88). The significant predictors of physical health were interpersonal relationships and health behaviors. Health behaviors contributed significantly to a reduction in the effect of interpersonal relationships on physical health outcomes. As far as it is known, there has been no prior work in Brazil that simultaneously examined the best predictors of physical health in oil workers using this conceptual model. Interventions in the workplace environment need to consider health behavior as a mediator between interpersonal relationships and physical health, aligned in a global psychosocial approach to health at work.
Helicopter Parenting Instrument: Estudos psicométricos iniciais com adultos emergentes
(2019) Borges, Daniela Pacheco; Portugal, Alda; Magalhães, Eunice Vieira; Sotero, Luciana Maria Lopes; Lamela, Diogo; Prioste, Ana de Nazaré
O presente trabalho apresenta evidências de validade e fidelidade do Helicopter Parenting Instrument (HPI) no contexto português. Este instrumento avalia a perceção dos filhos sobre comportamentos parentais inapropriados face à sua etapa desenvolvimental (e.g., proteção excessiva, tomada de decisão pelos filhos). Participaram 187 adultos emergentes, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 25 anos, respondendo a um questionário sociodemográfico, ao HPI, ao Inventário de Sintomas Psicopatológicos (BSI) para avaliar a sintomatologia ansiosa e depressiva; ao Inventário do Clima Familiar (ICF) para avaliar a coesão e o conflito familiares; e à Escala das Dimensões do Desenvolvimento Identitário (DIDS) para avaliar o desenvolvimento identitário. Evidências de validade de constructo foram obtidas através da análise fatorial confirmatória realizada, que revelou um modelo unidimensional ajustado aos dados, assim como de validade convergente a partir das correlações entre o HPI e BSI, ICF e DIDS. Foi também obtido um valor de consistência interna satisfatório.
Inclusive education in Portugal : teachers' professional development, working conditions, and instructional efficacy
(MDPI, 2021) Lopes, João Arménio Lamego; Oliveira, Célia Regina Gomes
Inclusive education policies thin the boundaries of special and regular education as well as teachers’ roles and competencies. The present study, using data from TALIS 2018, aims to find out whether Portuguese teachers working in classes directed entirely or mainly to special education needs students (SENS) differ from teachers working in classes with few or no SENS in the following areas: (a) professional development needs in special education; (b) perceived barriers to professional development; and (c) teaching and work features related to SENS. The results show small but significant differences between teachers working and teachers not working entirely or mainly with SENS in professional development needs, perceived opportunities for professional development, and stress involved in modifying SENS lessons. No other significant differences were found. Still, the results show that both groups of teachers perceive significant professional development needs and barriers to professional development but are optimistic about the quality of professional development, job satisfaction, and self-efficacy in instruction. However, teachers of both groups are pessimistic about professional collaboration, a key element of inclusive education. Overall, it seems that some critical elements of inclusive education are still to be implemented in Portuguese schools. Keywords: inclusion; professional development; special education; SEN students; TALIS 20
Intimate Partner Violence, Psychopathy, and Recidivism: Do Psychopathic Traits Differentiate First-time Offenders from Repeated Offenders?
(Victims & Offenders, 2021) Cunha, Olga Cecília Soares da; Pinheiro, Marina; Gonçalves, Rui Abrunhosa
The current study analyzes the relation between psychopathic traits and the four facets of psychopathy (i.e., interpersonal, affective, lifestyle, and antisocial) and general and intimate partner violence (IPV) recidivism. The Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) and the Marital Violence Inventory (IVC) were completed by a sample of 279 male perpetrators of IPV who were retrospectively classified as general repeated offenders versus first-time offenders and IPV repeatedoffenders versus IPV first-time offenders. Four separate binary logistic regression analyses were conducted controlling for age and criminal and abuse variables. PCL-R total scores and the antisocial facet were positively correlated with general repeated offenses, despite criminal history showing higher associations with general recidivism. For IPV repeated offenders, PCL-R antisocial facet and criminal history were statistically significant, being the last one the variable that presents higher association with IPV recidivism. These results support the role of criminal history as an important variable for repeated offenses.

Navegar

Percorrer ULP/HEI-Lab - Artigos de Revistas Internacionais com Arbitragem Científica por título

Resultados por página

Opções de ordenação