Prática psicológica baseada na evidência : conhecimento e aplicação em contexto português
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2022
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Dada a importância de implementar uma Prática Baseada na Evidência em Psicologia
(PBEP), este estudo visou aferir as dimensões crenças/atitudes, barreiras/facilitadores e
conhecimentos e práticas que psicólogos/as e psicoterapeutas, a exercer atividade em
Portugal, revelam sobre a PBEP e respetiva implementação. Simultaneamente, pretendeu se identificar os preditores das dimensões avaliadas e determinar potenciais perfis de
profissionais, em função dessas dimensões. Para o efeito, recorreu-se ao questionário HS EBP (adaptado de Fernández-Domínguez et al., 2017), administrado eletronicamente, que
avalia as dimensões suprarreferidas. Participaram neste estudo 274 psicólogas/os, inscritos
na Ordem dos Psicólogos Portugueses, com idades compreendidas entre os 24 e os 72 anos
(M = 42.5; DP = 10.2). A maioria são do sexo feminino 82.1% (n = 225), com uma
experiência profissional média de 15.6 anos (DP = 8.5). Os resultados indicaram que as
dimensões crenças/atitudes e conhecimentos e práticas, com exceção das
barreiras/facilitadores, apresentam valores significativamente superiores ao ponto médio da
escala de avaliação (5.5) (p < .05). As análises de regressão demonstraram que a formação
contínua para a melhoria profissional e a formação em PBEP foram os preditores mais
representativos nas dimensões avaliadas. A análise hierárquica de clusters permitiu
identificar 3 perfis de participantes, em função das respostas às dimensões do questionário
HS-EBP: valores mais elevados em todas as dimensões (Cluster 3); valores mais baixos
(Cluster 1); e valores intermédios (Cluster 2). Ao perfil mais favorável à adoção e
implementação de PBEP (Cluster 3) associaram-se maiores níveis de formação (contínua
para a melhoria profissional, especializada e avançada em PBEP). Atendendo ao seu
caráter pioneiro, o presente estudo inaugura a investigação sistemática da PBEP em
Portugal, contribuindo para: 1) caracterizar os conhecimentos e prática dos/as profissionais
neste âmbito, 2) definir estratégias que promovam a adesão a este constructo e 3)
identificar necessidades de formação e informação relativa aos princípios da PBEP.
Given the importance of implementing an Evidence-Based Practice in Psychology (EBPP), this study aimed to assess the dimensions beliefs/attitudes, barriers/facilitators and knowledge and practices revealed by psychologists practicing in Portugal, on EBPP and its implementation. Besides, it was intended to identify predictors of the evaluated dimensions and to determine potential profiles of professionals according to these dimensions. Therefore, to evaluate the above-mentioned dimensions, the psychologists answered an HS-EBP questionnaire (adapted from Fernández-Domínguez et al., 2017), electronically administered. A total of 274 psychologists participated, all enrolled in the Order of Portuguese Psychologists, aged between 24 and 72 years (M = 42.5; SD = 10.2). Most participants were female 82.1% (n = 225) and the mean period of professional activity was 15.6 years (SD = 8.5). The results indicated in the dimensions beliefs/attitudes and knowledge and practices, except for barriers/facilitators, presented values significantly higher than the midpoint of the evaluation scale (5.5) (p < .05). Regression analysis revealed that continuing training for professional growth and EBPP training were the most representative predictors in the dimensions assessed. Hierarchical cluster analysis extracted 3 different profiles, according to the answers provided in the HS-EBP questionnaire dimensions: higher values in all dimensions (Cluster 3); lower values (Cluster 1); and intermediate values (Cluster 2). The most satisfactory profile towards the adoption and implementation of EBPP (Cluster 3) is associated with higher levels of training (continuing training for professional growth, and EBPP specific training, from initial to advanced levels). This is the first Portuguese study exploring the EBPP construct, representing an important contribution to: 1) describe the knowledges and practice of the psychologists in this matter, 2) define strategies to promote this construct adoption and 3) identify the importance of implementing formative training related to the principles of EBPP, and the need to provide the right construct conceptualization.
Given the importance of implementing an Evidence-Based Practice in Psychology (EBPP), this study aimed to assess the dimensions beliefs/attitudes, barriers/facilitators and knowledge and practices revealed by psychologists practicing in Portugal, on EBPP and its implementation. Besides, it was intended to identify predictors of the evaluated dimensions and to determine potential profiles of professionals according to these dimensions. Therefore, to evaluate the above-mentioned dimensions, the psychologists answered an HS-EBP questionnaire (adapted from Fernández-Domínguez et al., 2017), electronically administered. A total of 274 psychologists participated, all enrolled in the Order of Portuguese Psychologists, aged between 24 and 72 years (M = 42.5; SD = 10.2). Most participants were female 82.1% (n = 225) and the mean period of professional activity was 15.6 years (SD = 8.5). The results indicated in the dimensions beliefs/attitudes and knowledge and practices, except for barriers/facilitators, presented values significantly higher than the midpoint of the evaluation scale (5.5) (p < .05). Regression analysis revealed that continuing training for professional growth and EBPP training were the most representative predictors in the dimensions assessed. Hierarchical cluster analysis extracted 3 different profiles, according to the answers provided in the HS-EBP questionnaire dimensions: higher values in all dimensions (Cluster 3); lower values (Cluster 1); and intermediate values (Cluster 2). The most satisfactory profile towards the adoption and implementation of EBPP (Cluster 3) is associated with higher levels of training (continuing training for professional growth, and EBPP specific training, from initial to advanced levels). This is the first Portuguese study exploring the EBPP construct, representing an important contribution to: 1) describe the knowledges and practice of the psychologists in this matter, 2) define strategies to promote this construct adoption and 3) identify the importance of implementing formative training related to the principles of EBPP, and the need to provide the right construct conceptualization.
Descrição
Orientação: Célia Regina Gomes Oliveira
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM PSICOLOGIA CLÍNICA E DA SAÚDE, PSICOLOGIA, PRÁTICA BASEADA NA EVIDÊNCIA, PSYCHOLOGY, EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE