Benzodiazepinas : caraterização doconsumo na Região Autónoma dos Açores nos anos de 2019 e 2020
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2022
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Este trabalho teve como objetivo a caracterização das Benzodiazepinas (BZD) e o seu
consumo na Região Autónoma dos Açores durante 2019 (ano pré-pandemia de Covid-19) e
2020 (ano em pandemia).
As BZD são fármacos que atuam no Sistema Nervoso Central (SNC) e que desde a
década de 60 do século passado têm vindo a ser largamente prescritas, sobretudo nos
diagnósticos de ansiedade e de insónia, devido às suas propriedades ansiolíticas, sedativas
e hipnóticas.
Começou-se por descrever as BZD nas suas várias e diversas características,
efetuando-se depois um breve resumo da literatura disponível sobre o seu consumo ao longo
dos últimos 25 anos em Portugal, por vezes em comparação com o resto do mundo.
A partir da análise dos dados referentes à dispensa destes fármacos nas Farmácias
Comunitárias dos Açores, quantificou-se o consumo em Dose Diária Definida por 1.000
habitantes/dia.
Conclui-se que de forma global o consumo de BZD e Z-Hipnóticos (Z-H), apesar de
elevado, manteve-se constante naqueles dois anos, não obstante no último ser expectável
um aumento generalizado de sintomas de ansiedade devido à crise sanitária.
Tendo em conta a fatia considerável das despesas públicas em saúde que estes
fármacos constituem, vários caminhos são apresentados para o seu uso racional, atendendo
também às consequências da sua utilização indevida e/ou prolongada.
Por fim, enfatiza-se o papel dos profissionais de saúde e, de entre estes, a importância
do farmacêutico, como aquele que, sendo responsável pelo medicamento, tem como missão
a segurança e a efetividade da terapêutica.
This work aimed to characterize Benzodiazepines (BZDs) and their consumption in the Autonomous Region of the Azores during 2019 (pre-pandemic year of Covid-19) and 2020 (year in pandemic). BZDs are drugs that act on the Central Nervous System (CNS) and that have been widely prescribed since the 1960s, especially in the diagnosis of anxiety and insomnia, due to their anxiolytic, sedative, and hypnotic properties. In the initial part of this work, BZDs were described in their various and diverse characteristics, followed by a brief summary of the available literature on their consumption over the last 25 years in Portugal, sometimes compared to the rest of the world. From the data analysis regarding the dispensation of these drugs in the Azores’ Community Pharmacies, the consumption was quantified in Daily Dose Defined by 1,000 inhabitants/day. It was concluded that the overall consumption of BZDs and Z-Hypnotics (Z-H), although high, remained constant in those two years, albeit in the latter a generalised increase in anxiety symptoms due to the health crisis was expected. Taking into account the considerable share of public health expenditure that these drugs represent, several suggestions are presented for their rational use, taking also into account the consequences of their misuse and/or prolonged use. Finally, the role of health professionals is highlighted, mainly the pharmacists’ importance as the one responsible for the medication and therefore having as mission the safety and effectiveness of the therapy.
This work aimed to characterize Benzodiazepines (BZDs) and their consumption in the Autonomous Region of the Azores during 2019 (pre-pandemic year of Covid-19) and 2020 (year in pandemic). BZDs are drugs that act on the Central Nervous System (CNS) and that have been widely prescribed since the 1960s, especially in the diagnosis of anxiety and insomnia, due to their anxiolytic, sedative, and hypnotic properties. In the initial part of this work, BZDs were described in their various and diverse characteristics, followed by a brief summary of the available literature on their consumption over the last 25 years in Portugal, sometimes compared to the rest of the world. From the data analysis regarding the dispensation of these drugs in the Azores’ Community Pharmacies, the consumption was quantified in Daily Dose Defined by 1,000 inhabitants/day. It was concluded that the overall consumption of BZDs and Z-Hypnotics (Z-H), although high, remained constant in those two years, albeit in the latter a generalised increase in anxiety symptoms due to the health crisis was expected. Taking into account the considerable share of public health expenditure that these drugs represent, several suggestions are presented for their rational use, taking also into account the consequences of their misuse and/or prolonged use. Finally, the role of health professionals is highlighted, mainly the pharmacists’ importance as the one responsible for the medication and therefore having as mission the safety and effectiveness of the therapy.
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Orientação: Ana Sofia Fernandes ; João Gregório
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, BENZODIAZEPINAS, PRESCRIÇÃO DE MEDICAMENTOS, FARMÁCIAS, ANSIEDADE, INSÓNIAS, AÇORES, PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, BENZODIAZEPINES, DRUGS PRESCRIBING, PHARMACIES, ANXIETY, INSOMNIA, AZORES