Reforma educacional e produção de modos de ser e pensar : a experiência do Rio Grande do Sul nos anos 30 a 50 do século 20
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Data
2011
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Edições Universitárias Lusófonas
Resumo
A partir da segunda metade da década de 1930, instalou-se, no Estado do Rio
Grande do Sul, Brasil, uma intensa reforma educacional conduzida pelo Estado.
Essa reforma abrangeu a proposição e execução de políticas públicas educacionais,
normatização e intervenção sobre a organização do ensino e a orientação
das atividades didático-pedagógicas das escolas do sistema público de ensino.
Nesse contexto, foram produzidos e postos em circulação discursos que buscavam
constituir uma disciplina moral, cultural, social e higiênica da população.
A aprendizagem dos conteúdos curriculares devia dar-se concomitantemente à
aquisição de valores morais, cuja repetição quotidiana informaria a natureza de todos e de cada um. Destacam-se, também, os pressupostos da religião católica
e o exemplo de vida dos heróis, que eram apresentados como fundamento
do trabalho da direção das escolas e dos professores. Para isso, promoveram-se
comemorações por ocasião da Semana da Pátria, da Semana da Criança, da Semana da Economia, foram prescritas leituras, instalaram-se cooperativas e
bibliotecas escolares e promoveram-se campanhas vinculadas à educação
sanitária. Nesse sentido, discursos construídos acerca da educação não são,
simplesmente, linguagens sobre a educação, mas processos produtivos da sociedade
mediante os quais se classificam problemas e se mobilizam práticas.
An intense educational reform conducted by the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, was carried out from the second half of the 1930’s on. This reform included the proposal and execution of public educational politics, its norms and intervention towards the organization of education as well as the guidance of pedagogical activities of public schools. In this context, discourses that aimed at constituting a moral, cultural, social, and hygienic discipline in the population were produced and publicized. The learning of the curriculum contents should happen with the acquisition of moral values, whose daily repetition would inform the nature of everyone and each one. The presuppositions of Catholicism and the life example of heroes, who were presented as a foundation of the direction of schools and teachers, were also enhanced. Celebrations of the National Week, the Children’s Week, the Economy Week were promoted, readings were requested, libraries and cooperatives were created and campaigns related to sanitary education were done. In this sense, discourses constructed about education are not, simply, languages about education, but productive processes of the society towards which problems are classified and practices are reviewed.
An intense educational reform conducted by the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, was carried out from the second half of the 1930’s on. This reform included the proposal and execution of public educational politics, its norms and intervention towards the organization of education as well as the guidance of pedagogical activities of public schools. In this context, discourses that aimed at constituting a moral, cultural, social, and hygienic discipline in the population were produced and publicized. The learning of the curriculum contents should happen with the acquisition of moral values, whose daily repetition would inform the nature of everyone and each one. The presuppositions of Catholicism and the life example of heroes, who were presented as a foundation of the direction of schools and teachers, were also enhanced. Celebrations of the National Week, the Children’s Week, the Economy Week were promoted, readings were requested, libraries and cooperatives were created and campaigns related to sanitary education were done. In this sense, discourses constructed about education are not, simply, languages about education, but productive processes of the society towards which problems are classified and practices are reviewed.
Descrição
Revista Lusófona de Educação
Palavras-chave
EDUCAÇÃO, HISTÓRIA DA EDUCAÇÃO, POLÍTICA EDUCATIVA, EDUCATION, HISTORY OF EDUCATION, EDUCATIONAL POLICY