A discriminação na velhice : a infantilização da pessoa idosa
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2016
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O envelhecimento da população acentuou-se fortemente nos últimos anos, trazendo consigo novas exigências e problemas sociais. Um desses problemas, ainda é pouco visível e abordado, o idadismo.
O idadismo é uma forma de discriminação social, transmitida nas interações através de atitudes, comportamentos e preconceitos.
A presente investigação tem como tema central esta problemática associada às pessoas idosas, mais concretamente a discriminação subtil transmitida através da linguagem e atitudes infantilizadas. Desse modo, definimos como objetivo principal investigar se a comunicação e as atitudes infantilizadas para com as pessoas idosas são consideradas discriminação pelos mesmos.
A investigação foi realizada no concelho de Ourém, com 5 utentes do Centro de Apoio a Idosos (CAI) da Fundação Dr. Agostinho Albano de Almeida e 5 alunos da Universidade Sénior de Ourém (USO).
Foi adotada uma metodologia qualitativa, sendo que a recolha de dados foi realizada através da entrevista semiestruturada ou não estruturada/ não uniformizada, uma vez ser a técnica que melhor se adequou ao estudo.
Os dados foram sujeitos a uma análise de conteúdo que teve como objetivo analisar o material recolhido e reduzi-lo de forma a ficar apenas com o material mais relevante.
Após a análise dos resultados foi possível constatar que todos os nossos entrevistados são pessoas ativas, com uma visão positiva do envelhecimento, à exceção de um, e no seu dia-a-dia estabelecem várias interações positivas, nos mais diversos contextos. Constatamos também que o cenário preferido dos entrevistados foi o cenário a) (cenário neutro) em detrimento do cenário b) (cenário infantilizado), que classificaram maioritariamente como negativo. Relativamente ao objetivo principal podemos constatar que cinco dos entrevistados consideram o cenário b) discriminatório e os restantes cinco não, podendo concluir também haver uma maior tolerância à linguagem e atitudes infantilizadas por parte dos entrevistados da USO, ou seja, os entrevistados não institucionalizados.
The population aging has accentuated in the past years, bringing with it new social demands and problems. One of those problems is still barely visible and addressed, the Ageism. The Ageism is type of social discrimination, transmitted in the interactions by attitudes, behaviours and preconceptions. The present investigation has as main focus this problematic associated with elderly people, more specifically the subtle discrimination transmitted by language and infantilized attitudes. Thereby, we defined as main objective to study if the infantilized communication and attitudes towards old people are considered discriminative by them. The investigation was conducted in Ourém County, on five patients of the “Centro de Apoio a Idosos” (CAI), part of the “Dr. Agostinho Albano de Almeida” Foundation, and on five students of “Universidade Sénior de Ourém” (USO). We adopted a qualitative methodology, and the data gathering was done by resorting to semi-structured or non-structured/non-uniformed interviews, since it was the most adequate technique for the study. The data was subject of a content analysis that had as objective to analyse the material collected and reduce it to the most relevant information. After analysing the results it was possible to verify that all our interviewees, were active people, having a positive view on the aging process, except one person, and in their daily life they establish many positive interactions in several contexts. We also found that their favorite scenery was the scenery a) (neutral scenery) and they classified scenery b) (infantilized scenery) mostly as negative. Relatively to the main objective, we found that five of the interviewees considered b) scenery as discriminative, and the other five did not, which leads us to conclude that there is also a bigger tolerance to infantilized language and attitudes by USO interviewees, in other words, the non-institutionalized interviewees.
The population aging has accentuated in the past years, bringing with it new social demands and problems. One of those problems is still barely visible and addressed, the Ageism. The Ageism is type of social discrimination, transmitted in the interactions by attitudes, behaviours and preconceptions. The present investigation has as main focus this problematic associated with elderly people, more specifically the subtle discrimination transmitted by language and infantilized attitudes. Thereby, we defined as main objective to study if the infantilized communication and attitudes towards old people are considered discriminative by them. The investigation was conducted in Ourém County, on five patients of the “Centro de Apoio a Idosos” (CAI), part of the “Dr. Agostinho Albano de Almeida” Foundation, and on five students of “Universidade Sénior de Ourém” (USO). We adopted a qualitative methodology, and the data gathering was done by resorting to semi-structured or non-structured/non-uniformed interviews, since it was the most adequate technique for the study. The data was subject of a content analysis that had as objective to analyse the material collected and reduce it to the most relevant information. After analysing the results it was possible to verify that all our interviewees, were active people, having a positive view on the aging process, except one person, and in their daily life they establish many positive interactions in several contexts. We also found that their favorite scenery was the scenery a) (neutral scenery) and they classified scenery b) (infantilized scenery) mostly as negative. Relatively to the main objective, we found that five of the interviewees considered b) scenery as discriminative, and the other five did not, which leads us to conclude that there is also a bigger tolerance to infantilized language and attitudes by USO interviewees, in other words, the non-institutionalized interviewees.
Descrição
Orientação: Sibila Fernandes Magalhães Marques ;
co-orientação: Maria Irene Lopes Bogalho de Carvalho
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM GERONTOLOGIA SOCIAL, GERONTOLOGIA SOCIAL, ENVELHECIMENTO, IDOSOS, IDADISMO, DISCRIMINAÇÃO SOCIAL, SOCIAL GERONTOLOGY, AGEING, ELDERLY, AGEISM, SOCIAL DISCRIMINATION, SERVIÇO SOCIAL, SOCIAL WORK