Calvície e alopecia: revisão bibliográfica
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2017
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Resumo
O cabelo é uma caraterística única presente nos seres humanos que apesar de não desempenhar uma função vital, desempenha um papel importante a nível da comunicação psicossocial. A alopecia, distúrbio que afeta o crescimento do cabelo, provoca alterações na aparência e cria impacto emocional no doente que desencadeia a procura de tratamento. Esta revisão bibliográfica trata-se de uma autoinvestigação sobre o tema onde são aprofundados conhecimentos da doença e se analisa de que modo a intervenção farmacêutica pode marcar a diferença. Entender a estrutura capilar e conhecer o ciclo de crescimento do cabelo torna-se crucial para a compreensão da doença uma vez que surge como resultado de mudanças que ocorrem no mesmo. São analisados aspetos clínicos, epidemiológicos e histopatológicos. Enfatiza-se a posição nosológica atual da alopecia androgenética, forma mais comum de perda de cabelo em ambos os sexos, caraterizada pela redução gradual do folículo piloso devido à indução de androgénios em indivíduos geneticamente predispostos. Discutem se os possíveis mecanismos fisiológicos que dão origem à queda capilar bem como tratamentos utilizados na AAG. A dificuldade em alcançar o sucesso no tratamento da alopecia remete para uma breve abordagem sobre as novas terapêuticas e o modo como estas podem vir a revolucionar o mundo da dermocosmética aliada à farmacoterapia. A investigação científica desta patologia deve manter-se ativa e continua, mais estudos devem ser realizados de modo clarificar os processos que a desencadeiam pois só assim será possível superar obstáculos e alcançar tratamentos de sucesso.
Hair is a unique feature present in humans that although it doesn’t play a vital role, plays an important role in the psychosocial communication. Alopecia, a disorder that affects hair growth, causes changes in appearance and creates emotional impact on the patient that triggers the search for treatment. This literature review is about self-investigation on the topic where knowledge of the disease is deepened and analyzes how pharmaceutical intervention can make a difference. Understanding the hair structure and knowing the hair growth cycle becomes crucial to understanding the disease once it arises as a result of changes occurring in it. Clinical, epidemiological and histopathological aspects are analyzed. The current nosological position of androgenetic alopecia, the most common form of hair loss in both sexes, is characterized by the gradual reduction of the hair follicle due to the induction of androgens in genetically predisposed individuals. They discuss whether the possible physiological mechanisms that give rise to hair loss as well as treatments used in AAG. The difficulty in achieving success in the treatment of alopecia refers to a brief approach on the new therapies and how they can revolutionize the world of dermocosmetic combined with pharmacotherapy. The scientific investigation of this pathology must remain active and continue, further studies must be carried out in order to clarify the processes that trigger it, since only then will it be possible to overcome obstacles and achieve successful treatments.
Hair is a unique feature present in humans that although it doesn’t play a vital role, plays an important role in the psychosocial communication. Alopecia, a disorder that affects hair growth, causes changes in appearance and creates emotional impact on the patient that triggers the search for treatment. This literature review is about self-investigation on the topic where knowledge of the disease is deepened and analyzes how pharmaceutical intervention can make a difference. Understanding the hair structure and knowing the hair growth cycle becomes crucial to understanding the disease once it arises as a result of changes occurring in it. Clinical, epidemiological and histopathological aspects are analyzed. The current nosological position of androgenetic alopecia, the most common form of hair loss in both sexes, is characterized by the gradual reduction of the hair follicle due to the induction of androgens in genetically predisposed individuals. They discuss whether the possible physiological mechanisms that give rise to hair loss as well as treatments used in AAG. The difficulty in achieving success in the treatment of alopecia refers to a brief approach on the new therapies and how they can revolutionize the world of dermocosmetic combined with pharmacotherapy. The scientific investigation of this pathology must remain active and continue, further studies must be carried out in order to clarify the processes that trigger it, since only then will it be possible to overcome obstacles and achieve successful treatments.
Descrição
Orientação: Liliana Tavares Marques
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, CABELO, ALOPÉCIA, TERAPÊUTICAS, REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA, PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, HAIR, ALOPECIA, THERAPEUTICS, BIBLIOGRAPHIC REVIEW