Crittenden, Roger2025-03-312025-03-312023-12-29Crittenden, R 2023, 'Film and the disembodied voice', International Journal of Film and Media Arts, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 24-37. https://doi.org/10.24140/ijfma.v8.n3.022183-9271http://hdl.handle.net/10437/15195The use of voice over often divides both filmmakers and critics - its opponents objecting to the borrowing of a literary device. By examining a multitude of examples this paper seeks to demonstrate that it has often enhanced the effectiveness of film narrative both in the actual storytelling and the emotional impact, by applying a sensitivity in the writing and a careful casting of the voice and performance of the unseen actor or actors. Keywords: Voice-over; narrative; film and literature; author versus auteur; image and sound.application/pdfengopenAccessCINEMAAUDIOVISUALFILMSVOICEFILM PRODUCTIONSOUNDLITERATUREFILM NARRATIVEIMAGECINEMAAUDIOVISUALVOZFILMESPRODUÇÃO CINEMATOGRÁFICASOMNARRATIVA FÍLMICAIMAGEMLITERATURAarticlehttps://doi.org/10.24140/ijfma.v8.n3.02