ARQ.ID - Arquitetura Investigação Desenvolvimento

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Percorrer ARQ.ID - Arquitetura Investigação Desenvolvimento por autor "Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da Informação"

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    Introduction of non-topological costs in syntactic analyses : the case of Gulbenkian estate
    (2022) Fernandes, Pedro Afonso; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da Informação
    Space syntax is a set of theories and techniques for analysing urban settlements and buildings. Focused on the study of the configuration of convex spaces, space syntax is based on the concept of topological depth, that is, in the number of steps to go from some space (or axial line) to every other space in a spatial complex. Typically, non-topological costs like stairs, ramps, accentuated slopes or walls are not considered in space syntax analyses, or are incorporated in an insufficient fashion, namely, with the arbitrary introduction of axial lines in order to increase depth. This article proposes an innovative method to deal with these costs that uses logic programming with Prolog language. In this way, it is possible to better understand the relative segregation of the Gulbenkian estate within its urban environment, the city of Odivelas near Lisbon (Portugal), noting that it was the largest public housing estate built within the scope of the resettlement plan for those displaced by the great floods of November 25-26, 1967, established by the Ministry of Public Works and the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation in the late 1960s. Keywords: Space Syntax, Non-topological costs, Liveability, Logic Programming, Public housing estates, Great Lisbon’s floods of 1967
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    Matter presences : the sensitive consequences of the mechanisation of the raw material
    (2022) Coll, Nuria Alvarez; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da Informação
    Heir from a culture marked by modern dualism, man seems to find himself, abstract from his environment. As a consequence, a large number of human creations today is considered by some authors as uprooted. Built with earth, vegetal fibers, stone, etc., vernacular architectures appear as an extension of nature, its colors, its materials, its forms and its textures. Most of the contemporary architecture examples, on the contrary, seems to have lost this link with the territory, the natural cycles and the human know how. Could the use of raw materials and the promotion of touch (and a more direct relationship to the world) be allies to create architectural spaces that reaffirm a better link with the body and reboot a genius of the site? This article questions the transformation of raw materials into building materials. Referring to the work of art in its mechanized reproduction, Walter Benjamin refers to the loss of aura. This concept is reinforced by the notion of the sacred developed by the anthropologist Michael Taussig who, when speaking of synthetic color, refers to the loss of the body of color. The passage by these two thinkers raises some questions to reflect on our sensible relations to the non-human in order to stop this relation of exploitation towards matter. To conclude, the paper presents a tactile experience entitled "Material Presences", developed within the framework of a creation research. This experience proposes to reflect on the presence of materials and the notion of aura: What does wood matter transmit to us according to its type of transformation? Does this transformation process change our sensory relationship to this material? Can we say that some have lost their aura?
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    Negotiating scale: experiencing, claiming, and walking public space: three examples in Milano
    (2022) Kanellopoulou, Dimitra; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da Informação
    From the very origins of the city, human scale forged physical environment and imaginaries about built urban form. From the sinuous streets of medieval towns ingeniously adapted to human walking, to Haussmannian boulevards in industrialized Europe, human movement and practices, structure the matrices of public space infrastructure. The question of human scale was however underlined -in a more conscious way- among urban studies and humanities mostly after the second world war in a context of international criticism towards Modern Movement’s rigidity and remoteness from the scale of senses and perceptions of the individual. The quest to return to the city center and revisit values of walking in historical nuclei, marked a turn that will ultimately transform objectives and priorities in urban planning in the following years. Social sciences will nourish the debate by highlighting the imminent role of human walking and experience while studying the city. As a result, new methods of observation, mapping, analysis of daily practices within collective spaces have emerged and sow the ground for the development of new disciplinary approaches, focusing on emotions or atmospheres. The paper is structured as follows. In the first part, we retrace the evolution of the concept of ‘human scale’ within planning and design principles emerged after World War II. In a second part, we aim to examine – drawing on three case studies- the imminent role that walking has in actual debate on public space’s adaptability towards future crisis and investigate its unique characteristic as an urban practice weaving together human body experience, physical space and social interaction. Through direct observations and in situ interviews in three public spaces in Milano, the paper proposes to re-approach ‘human scale’ not as prerequisite in design process but rather as a robust tool (both for planners and citizens) of negotiating plural forms of urbanity in a global context of transition
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    Rethinking: humanizing: isolation: Aotearoa New Zealand (a novel approach to design
    (2022) Ladegourdie, Celine; Pretty, Annabel; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da Informação
    Our modern, globalised world is more vulnerable to infectious diseases that can spread voraciously—globalisation has aided the rapid spread of diseases and increased the frequency with which goods and people are transported across borders. Infectious disease pandemics are not a new phenomenon, and their global spread has occurred throughout history, notably the "Spanish Flu" post first world war, and more latterly, MERS CoV (2012), and specific regions and countries. A decade later, the SARS CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic assailed humanity as a global phenomenon. Over six million people have died as a result of the novel airborne disease. The pandemic has put unprecedented strain on the healthcare infrastructure and the hotels that were designated as Managed Isolation and Quarantine (MIQ) facilities within Aotearoa, New Zealand. Growing evidence suggests that if purpose-built quarantine facilities that followed best practice design research guidelines had been in place prior to the outbreak, the pandemic's effects could have been significantly reduced. The role of architecture in mitigating future infectious disease outbreaks and the resulting impact on society will be explored in this project by designing spaces that prioritise health and safety while ensuring patient/resident well-being is at the core of the design. Architecture can aid in infection control through design and promote health and well-being. Biophilic design elements, natural light, air quality circulation, and appropriate building materials have all been shown to improve well-being outcomes. This research-by-design project will put well-being-focused design strategies to the test in order to create a successful health and well-being facility. This research could help reimagine how spaces are designed and operated using new design strategies, allowing the method to be replicated globally.
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    Sonic urban furniture for vulnerabilities: experimental workshop in architectural design
    (2022) Nicolas, Remy; Flampouris, Petros; Psychogyios, Dimitris; Marchal, Théo; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da Informação
    ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN
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    Towards restorative city: rethinking public space design from ecological and biological perspectives to promote city and community wellbeing
    (2022) Hummeid, Ghadir; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da Informação
    The urban development of the city emerges from the constantly changing local circumstances. As human beings, we have an inherent tendency to cohort with nature. During the pandemic, people occupied public green spaces to be a haven. With the dramatic increase in the urban population of cities, cities are becoming more multicultural and heterogeneous environments. As the physical environment and the social behaviours generate each other. The paper will address the importance of designing public spaces as spaces that support human well-being. Social interactions and community cohesion are organically and iteratively developing inside safe public spaces. Thus, the paper will concentrate on developing concepts for prospering public spaces to inspire people's wellbeing and promote community cohesion through its design. Public spaces design impact people's sense of belonging and sense of place in the city, and those senses are related to the people's social and physical experience with the city’s structures, spaces, pedestrianization, including city blocks, street dimensions, walking aisles, building heights, and city ecological, biological components. Accordingly, this paper highlighting existing and new concepts to rethink the design of cities’ public spaces starting from understanding people's experience in those spaces from ecological and biological perspectives aiming to enhancing people's physiological, psychological health, and city’s life quality using ecological components and principles in public spaces design, urban mobility, considering space air quality, noise pollution, and place-based relationships (Biophilic dimensions). The paper highlights the lack of literature about Biophilic architecture and Restorative Environment concepts and applications in designing cities' public spaces specifically. Considering both concepts as potential solutions that can assist in improving city liveability and capabilities in enhancing and maintaining its social prosperity and its environmental resilience