Percorrer por autor "Morais, Diogo"

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    Adaptive Non-Immersive VR Environment for Eliciting Fear of Cockroaches : a Physiology-Driven Approach Combined with 3D-TV Exposure
    (International Journal of Psychological Research, 2020) Rosa, Pedro Joel; Luz, FIlipe Costa; Junior, Roberto; Oliveira, Jorge; Morais, Diogo; Gamito, Pedro; HEI-LAB (FCT) - Digital Laboratories for Environments and Human Interactions
    Non-immersive VR environments are related to the least interactive application of VR techniques, such that interaction with the VR environment can occur commonly by 3D-TV without full immersion into the environment. This study presents how 3D-TV exposure combined with physiology recording can elicit fear of cockroaches among individuals with different levels of fear. Thirty-six participants, set apart into three fear groups (low vs. moderate vs. high), were exposed to VR environment with cockroaches for 4 minutes while recording and using cardiac activity as input to the VR environment. Results revealed significant effects on self-report measures and heart rate between different fear groups. Moreover, participants with higher levels of fear were more likely to trigger cockroaches into the scenario due to their cardiac acceleration. Overall results suggest that our physiology-driven VR environment is valid for fear elicitation while having potential use in therapeutic domain.
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    Attentional orienting to biologically fear-relevant stimuli: data from eye tracking using the continual alternation flicker paradigm
    (Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2011) Rosa, Pedro Joel; Gamito, Pedro; Oliveira, Jorge; Morais, Diogo; Saraiva, Tomaz; Escola de Psicologia e Ciências da Vida
    Snakes are thought as fear-relevant stimuli (biologically prepared to be associated with fear) which can lead to an enhanced attentional capture when compared fear-irrelevant stimuli. Inherent limitations related to the key-press behaviour might be bypassed with the measurement of eye movements, since they are more closely related to attentional processes than reaction times. An eye tracking technique was combined with the flicker paradigm in two studies. A sample of university students was gathered. In both studies, an instruction to detect changes between the pair of scenes was given. Attentional orienting for the changing element in the scene was analyzed, as well the role of fear of snakes as a moderator variable. The results for both studies revealed a significant shorter time to first fixation for snake stimuli when compared to control stimuli. A facilitating effect of fear of snakes was also found for snakes, presenting the highly fear participants a shorter a time to first fixation for snake stimuli when compared to low-feared participants. The results are in line with current research that supports the advantage of snakes to grab attention due their evo-biological significance.
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    Cognitive Stimulation of Elderly Individuals with Instrumental Virtual Reality-Based Activities of Daily Life
    (2019-01-01) Gamito, Pedro; Oliveira, Jorge; Morais, Diogo; Coelho, Cátia; Santos, Nuno; Alves, Catarina; Galamba, Ana; Soeiro, Miguel; Brito, Rodrigo; HEI-LAB (FCT) - Digital Laboratories for Environments and Human Interactions
    As the demographic structure in western societies ages, the prevalence and impact of cognitive decline rises. Thus, new solutions to tackle this problem are required. The use of Information and Communication Tech- nologies (ICT)-based cognitive exercises has emerged in the last few decades, though with inconsistent results. Hence, we conducted a pre-post treatment study to further investigate this approach. We designed a set of virtual reality exercises that mimic activities of daily living by which the patient can train different cognitive domains. Twenty-five participants, ages 65–85, underwent 12 training sessions between the pre-treatment and post-treatment assessments. Significant increases were seen between the two assessments for some of the neuropsychological measures: visual memory, attention, and cognitive flexibility. Results also suggest that participants with lower baseline cognitive performance levels improved most after these sessions.
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    Grabbing attention while reading website pages: the influence of verbal emotional cues in advertising
    (Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2011) Ferreira, Paulo Jorge Quaresma; Rita, Paulo; Morais, Diogo; Rosa, Pedro Joel; Oliveira, Jorge; Gamito, Pedro; Santos, Nuno; Soares, Fábio; Sottomayor, Catarina; Escola de Psicologia e Ciências da Vida
    The increasing use of the World Wide Web has promised a huge advertising platform for marketers. Investment in online advertising is growing and is expected to overcome traditional media. However, recent studies have reported that users avoid looking at advertising displayed on the World Wide Web. This study aimed at examining the impact of verbal emotional cues (negative/neutral/positive) to capture attention on website’s advertising areas through an eye tracker system. The results revealed significant statistical differences between fixations to negative, positive words and neutral words. Significant differences between the number of fixations and recognition of the target words were found only for the negative valence words. We conclude that negative emotional words could play a major role on user attention to advertising.
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    Hemispheric asymmetries in recognition memory for negative and neutral words
    (Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2011) Oliveira, Jorge; Gamito, Pedro; Perea, Maria; Ladera, Valentina; Morais, Diogo; Rosa, Pedro Joel; Saraiva, Tomaz; Escola de Psicologia e Ciências da Vida
    Federmeier and Benjamin (2005) have suggested that semantic encoding for verbal information in the right hemisphere can be more effective when memory demands are higher. However, other studies (Kanske & Kotz, 2007) also suggest that visual word recognition differ in function of emotional valence. In this context, the present study was designed to evaluate the effects of retention level upon recognition memory processes for negative and neutral words. Sample consisted of 15 right-handed undergraduate portuguese students with normal or corrected to normal vision. Portuguese concrete negative and neutral words were selected in accordance to known linguistic capabilities of the right hemisphere. The participants were submitted to a visual half-field word presentation using a continuous recognition memory paradigm. Eye movements were continuously monitored with a Tobii T60 eye-tracker that showed no significant differences in fixations to negative and neutral words. Reaction times in word recognition suggest an overall advantage of negative words in comparison to the neutral words. Further analysis showed faster responses for negative words than for neutral words when were recognised at longer retention intervals for left-hemisphere encoding. Electrophysiological data through event related potentials revealed larger P2 amplitude over centro-posterior electrode sites for words studied in the left hemifield suggesting a priming effect for right-hemisphere encoding. Overall data suggest different hemispheric memory strategies for the semantic encoding of negative and neutral words.
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    Os movimentos autárquicos não-partidários nas eleições autárquicas no concelho de Sintra
    (Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2017) Pinto, José Filipe; Quadros, Elias; Morais, Diogo; Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Educação e Administração
    Desde as primeiras eleições autárquicas, Sintra tem sido sempre governada por partidos. No entanto, a impossibilidade de recandidatura de um Presidente, devido à lei de limitações de mandatos, originou uma cisão no bloco dominante e o surgimento de um movimento independente que, desde então, tem constituído a segunda força eleitoral no concelho. Este texto apresenta a cronologia dos vários atos eleitorais, estuda os ciclos partidários e identifica a estratégia partidária de partidos da oposição no sentido de se colarem ao grupo de cidadãos eleitores.
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    Os movimentos autárquicos não-partidários: o caso de Oeiras
    (Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2017) Pinto, José Filipe; Quadros, Elias; Morais, Diogo; Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Educação e Administração
    Oeiras representa um laboratório para o estudo do sistema político português no que concerne ao sistema de partidos e à qualidade da representação. Este ensaio traça a evolução política do município. Para tal, estuda as relações dos partidos políticos e dos movimentos não-partidários com os eleitores do conce-lho e mostra a importância da figura do líder e da obra feita em detrimento de valores éticos.