Percorrer por autor "Rodrigues, Andreia de Castro"

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    Association of positive and negative life events with cognitive performance and psychological status in late life : a cross- sectional study in Northern Portugal
    (Elsevier, 2021) Castanho, Teresa Costa; Santos, Nadine Correia; Meleiro-Neves, C.; Neto, S.; Moura, Gabriela; Santos, Manuel António da Silva; Cruz, Ana Rita Pereira da; Cunha, Olga Cecília Soares da; Rodrigues, Andreia de Castro; Rodrigues, Ana João; Sousa, Nuno; Escola de Psicologia e Ciências da Vida
    Objectives: Life events have important effects on psychological well-being. Yet, studies have mainly focused on exploring the impact of traumatic and negative experiences on health and well-being, with positive events receiving marginal attention. In this study, we investigated the association between negative and positive life events, cognitive performance and psychological status in older individuals. Method: A cross-sectional approach with a sample of 97 community-dwelling adults, recruited from a network of 23 centres/institutions in Northern Portugal, and aged between 56 and 85 years, was conducted. All participants were evaluated through a battery of tests assessing for depressive mood, perceived stress, and cognitive functioning. Life events were measured using the Lifetime Experiences Scale (LIFES) which covers 75 life experiences organized in eight domains. Results: A total of 95.9% of the participants reported more positive life events than negative throughout life. Participants reporting more positive experiences had lower scores in the depressive mood and perceived stress measures. At the domain-level of LIFES scale, more negative experiences in the Work and Health domains were associated with a depressed mood and more perceived stress. Significant positive associations were found between positive life experiences and most cognitive measures, after controlling for sex, education, age and depressive symptoms. Namely, more positive experiences at School, Leisure, and Living conditions were positively associated with better performance across cognitive tests. Discussion: This study adds important evidence on the association between of life events, both negative and positive experiences, on cognition and psychological well-being, providing a more balanced view of the field.
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    Attitudes of Police Recruits Toward Offenders: The Impact of the Police Training on Attitudinal Change
    (Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2021-10-06) Cunha, Olga Cecília Soares da; Carvalho, Filipa; Rodrigues, Andreia de Castro; Gonçalves, Rui Abrunhosa; Cruz, Ana Rita Pereira da; HEI-LAB (FCT) - Digital Laboratories for Environments and Human Interactions
    The traditional prevailing perspectives on attitudes assume that attitudes, once formed, are relatively stable over time. However, research has revealed that attitudes may be influenced by different factors that may contribute to change them. The present longitudinal study aims to understand if the police recruits’ attitudes towards offenders change after police training. Besides, we aim to understand the impact of sociodemographic and personality variables on recruits’ attitudes towards offenders and which variables predict recruits’ attitudes. The Attitude Scale towards Offenders (ATO) and the NEO-FFI Personality Inventory were used in a sample of 74 recruits of a Portuguese Police Force - Guarda Nacional Republicana -, in two distinct moments (at the beginning and at the end of the police training programme). Results revealed that at the end of the training recruits hold more negative attitudes towards offenders. Those who had previous professional experience in the army hold more positive attitudes, but only at the beginning of the training. Only attitudes towards offenders at the beginning of the police training predict recruits’ attitudes towards offenders at the end of the training. These results emphasize the importance of initial and continuous training of recruits and police officers, especially in terms of their attitudes towards offenders.
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    Community sanctions: Offenders’ perceptions about their appropriateness
    (Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2021) Andrade, Joana Raquel Mendes; Cruz, Ana Rita Pereira da; Cunha, Olga Cecília Soares da; Gonçalves, Rui Abrunhosa; Rodrigues, Andreia de Castro; HEI-LAB (FCT) - Digital Laboratories for Environments and Human Interactions
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    Dropout among Perpetrators of Intimate Partner Violence Attending an Intervention Program
    (Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2022) Cunha, Olga Cecília Soares da; Silva, Andreia Fernandes da; Cruz, Ana Rita Pereira da; Rodrigues, Andreia de Castro; Braga, Teresa; Gonçalves, Rui Abrunhosa; HEI-LAB (FCT) - Digital Laboratories for Environments and Human Interactions
    Batterer intervention programs (BIPs) are one of the most relevant strategies to reduce intimate partner violence (IPV). However, the rates of dropout are significantly high, which may impact the effectiveness of such strategies. Literature has identified several factors associated with BIP dropout; nonetheless findings remain inconsistent. The aims of this study were to analyze the differences between perpetrators who completed the program and those who droped out, in terms of sociodemographic, violence-related and intrapersonal variables, as well as identify the predictors of dropout. 83 IPV perpetrators completed a set of measures that assessed attitudes toward domestic violence, physical and psychological abuse of a partner, aggression, coping skills, and readiness to change. Variables related to past criminal history and sociodemographics were also colletected. 42.2% of IPV perpetrators failed to complete the intervention program. The results revealed that age and previous convictions by other crimes than IPV discriminated perpetrators who completed the program from those who droped out, such that, being young and having a previous conviction predicted dropout. These findings reveal a need to further analyze the impact of these factors so BIPs can be tailored to meet the specificities of IPV perpetrators and prevent treatment dropout.