A Universidade Portuguesa: o abrir do fecho de acesso : o caso dos maiores de 23 anos
Miniatura indisponível
Data
2012
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Editora
Edições Universitárias Lusófonas
Resumo
Este artigo integra uma dupla preocupação. Por um lado, procedemos a um enquadramento
histórico do processo constitutivo da universidade portuguesa.
Por outro, quisemos contemplar uma dimensão empírica. Para darmos seguimento
às preocupações enunciadas fizemos (i) uma análise documental onde
explorámos diferentes tipos de fontes (manuscritas e impressas) e (ii) aplicámos
um questionário a uma amostra de 36 alunos maiores de 23 anos que se
encontram a frequentar o Curso de Educação Física e Desporto (69.4%) e de
Ciências da Educação (30.6%) da Universidade Lusófona no ano de 2010/2011.
Para este trabalho, partimos da tese de que as universidades portuguesas, na
sua origem histórica, eram um espaço para a formação das elites, e que na sociedade
globalizada do conhecimento de hoje enfrentam o desafio da democratização
do acesso a novos públicos. A partir da reconstituição histórica desta
instituição secular, procura-se também demonstrar a relação entre poder/
saber. A universidade, ao constituir-se um bem público, rompeu as barreiras
do elitismo e veio proporcionar o “abrir do fecho de acesso”, o que possibilita
uma maior democratização do ingresso no ensino superior. Em síntese, o texto
apresenta resultados da investigação do processo de democratização do ensino
superior em Portugal.
The aim of this study is describe the process of democratization of higher education in Portugal. An historical framework of the foundations and development of the Portuguese university is presented, giving particular emphasis on the changes concerning the duality power/knowledge and the historical elitism associated to higher education. This approach is complemented with an empirical analysis to of the actual situation in the Lusofona University regarding the enrollment of mature students (over 23 years old). Printed and handwritten references were considered for analysis, which allowed a detailed historical reconstruction of the Portuguese university. This secular corporate body, which in its origin has privileged the education of elites, is now experiencing a globalization and expansion of the targeted audiences, and has formally opened access to higher education to mature students (over 23 years old) in 2006. A sample of 36 mature students (32.09 ± 7.58 years old) registered on the course of Physical Education and Sports (69.4%) and Educational Sciences (30.6%) at the Lusofona University in 2010/2011 were considered. A questionnaire was applied to understand the motivations of these students for attending a university course, making part of a non-elitist, eclectic and democratized group.
The aim of this study is describe the process of democratization of higher education in Portugal. An historical framework of the foundations and development of the Portuguese university is presented, giving particular emphasis on the changes concerning the duality power/knowledge and the historical elitism associated to higher education. This approach is complemented with an empirical analysis to of the actual situation in the Lusofona University regarding the enrollment of mature students (over 23 years old). Printed and handwritten references were considered for analysis, which allowed a detailed historical reconstruction of the Portuguese university. This secular corporate body, which in its origin has privileged the education of elites, is now experiencing a globalization and expansion of the targeted audiences, and has formally opened access to higher education to mature students (over 23 years old) in 2006. A sample of 36 mature students (32.09 ± 7.58 years old) registered on the course of Physical Education and Sports (69.4%) and Educational Sciences (30.6%) at the Lusofona University in 2010/2011 were considered. A questionnaire was applied to understand the motivations of these students for attending a university course, making part of a non-elitist, eclectic and democratized group.
Descrição
Revista Lusófona de Educação
Palavras-chave
EDUCAÇÃO, ENSINO SUPERIOR, UNIVERSIDADES PORTUGUESAS, PORTUGAL, EDUCATION, PORTUGUESE UNIVERSITIES, HIGHER EDUCATION