Acabamentos em consolas post-tensionadas: a influência de estruturas de betão armado e lajes fungiformes maciças ou aligeiradas post-tensionadas em acabamentos e revestimentos - o caso do edifício na Rua do Lis, em Leiria
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2010
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Edições Universitárias Lusófonas
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A utilização de estruturas de betão armado pos-tensionado e lajes fungiformes maciças, implica um estudo criterioso, técnico e económico, sobre a sua colocação em obra e a instalação das infra-estruturas técnicas (águas, esgotos e AVAC, principalmente), estudo mais rigoroso quando se aplicam consolas com grandes balanços devido a eventuais consequências do seu funcionamento normal. Numa estrutura pos-tensionada é possível haver um espaçamento maior entre pilares, pois permitem-se vãos de dimensões mais generosas e a colocação de paredes desaprumadas nos vários pisos sobrepostos. No caso presente, a inclusão de consolas com 5,00 m de balanço em 3 pisos sobrepostos, num edifico com 5 pisos, obrigou a alguma ponderação na aplicação de alguns acabamentos na zona de apoio e nas próprias consolas, devido ao comportamento estrutural. Nestas zonas, foi necessário prever uma forma de fixação e estabilização dos revestimentos em paredes e tectos, do assentamento dos rodapés, e dos remates dos tectos com as paredes, apenas após a conclusão de todos os revestimentos exteriores das fachadas (fachadas ventiladas revestidas a lioz) e os limpos dos pavimentos. Há algumas regras a considerar em estruturas deste género e que convém esclarecer e prever na fase de projecto.
In architectural projects, concrete post tensioned structures needs a technical, economical and criterious study of the works specially concerning water and sewage systems, electrical supply systems, HVAC and, above all, when extra length cantilevers are used. With this type of structures it is possible to achieve a greater spacing between columns and the use of cantilevers, as in this case with 5,00 m length, in a 5 stories building in Leiria. Post tensioning is a method of producing prestressed concrete, masonry and other structural elements. The term prestressing is used to describe the process of introducing internal forces (or stress) into a concrete masonry element during the construction process in order to counteract the external loads that will be applied when the structure is put into use (known as service loads). These internal forces are applied by tensioning high strength steel wires which can be done either before or after the concrete is placed. When the steel is tensioned after concrete placement, the process is called post tensioning. When the steel is tensioned before concrete placement the process is called pre tensioning. Due to structural behavior and its consequences, some attention has been paid over 3 upper floors, concerning wall cladding, floor and ceiling finishing. Some decisions have been taken concerning indoors and outdoors walls, ceilings, and plaster coatings, chiefly in the columns closed zones. There are some rules to be considered in post tensioned structures that must be studied since the beginning of the project phase and analyzed for all the project team. The use of post tensioning method enables a builder to get all the advantages of prestressed concrete while still enables him the freedom to construct the member (slab, wall, column, etc.) on the job site in almost any shape or configuration imaginable.
In architectural projects, concrete post tensioned structures needs a technical, economical and criterious study of the works specially concerning water and sewage systems, electrical supply systems, HVAC and, above all, when extra length cantilevers are used. With this type of structures it is possible to achieve a greater spacing between columns and the use of cantilevers, as in this case with 5,00 m length, in a 5 stories building in Leiria. Post tensioning is a method of producing prestressed concrete, masonry and other structural elements. The term prestressing is used to describe the process of introducing internal forces (or stress) into a concrete masonry element during the construction process in order to counteract the external loads that will be applied when the structure is put into use (known as service loads). These internal forces are applied by tensioning high strength steel wires which can be done either before or after the concrete is placed. When the steel is tensioned after concrete placement, the process is called post tensioning. When the steel is tensioned before concrete placement the process is called pre tensioning. Due to structural behavior and its consequences, some attention has been paid over 3 upper floors, concerning wall cladding, floor and ceiling finishing. Some decisions have been taken concerning indoors and outdoors walls, ceilings, and plaster coatings, chiefly in the columns closed zones. There are some rules to be considered in post tensioned structures that must be studied since the beginning of the project phase and analyzed for all the project team. The use of post tensioning method enables a builder to get all the advantages of prestressed concrete while still enables him the freedom to construct the member (slab, wall, column, etc.) on the job site in almost any shape or configuration imaginable.
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Revista Lusófona de Arquitectura e Educação
Palavras-chave
ARQUITETURA, ARCHITECTURE, ESTRUTURAS DE BETÃO, CONCRETE STRUCTURES, REVESTIMENTOS EXTERIORES, EXTERIOR COATINGS