ISS - Artigos de Revistas Internacionais com Arbitragem Científica

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    Executive functioning in obese individuals waiting for clinical treatment
    (Colegio Oficial de Psicologos Asturias, 2017) Gameiro, Fátima; Perea, Maria Victoria; Ladera, Valentina; Rosa, Beatriz; García, Ricardo; FCSEA - Faculty of Social Sciences, Education and Administration; EPCV - School of Psychology and Life Sciences
    Background: Executive functions have an important role in human behavioural regulation and can be a determinant of eating behaviour. Our aim was to study the different components of executive functions in obese individuals waiting for clinical treatment, comparing them with normoweight subjects with similar socio-demographic characteristics. Method: A total of 114 adults (76 obese and 38 normoweight) completed a neuropsychological battery that included tasks of conceptualization and abstraction, motor programming, response maintenance, inhibition and resistance, problem solving, cognitive flexibility, and verbal fluency. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between groups for all the dimensions of the executive functions evaluated, with the obese group showing poorer performance compared to normoweight. Conclusions: Obese individuals demonstrated poorer executive functions than normoweight individuals.
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    Flexibilidade cognitiva em idosos saudáveis : o efeito do nível educacional
    (2022) Rosa, Beatriz; Perea-Bartolomé, Maria Victoria; Ladera-Fernandéz, Valentina; Gameiro, Fátima; Instituto de Serviço Social; Escola de Psicologia e Ciências da Vida
    Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o efeito da escolaridade na flexibilidade cognitiva em idosos saudáveis. Participaram voluntariamente 105 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, com idade compreendida entre os 65 e os 88 anos e de diferentes níveis educacionais (baixo, médio, alto e sem escolaridade). O Mini Mental State Examination e o Inventário de Depressão de Beck foram aplicados para avaliar, respetivamente, o estado cognitivo e a depressão, e o Wisconsin Card Sorting Test foi utilizado para medir a flexibilidade cognitiva. As análises de covariância efetuadas demonstraram que o nível educacional exerceu um efeito principal no desempenho do WCST. Os idosos sem escolaridade e com nível educacional baixo, obtiveram resultados mais pobres nos indicadores de flexibilidade cognitiva que os participantes com nível educacional médio e alto. Estes resultados evidenciam o efeito positivo dos anos de escolaridade nos rendimentos neuropsicológicos em indivíduos saudáveis. Palavras-chave: flexibilidade cognitiva, nível educacional, idosos saudáveis.
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    Frontal lobe functions and quality of life in individuals with obesity with and without binge eating disorder
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2023-10-08) Gameiro, Fátima; Rosa, Beatriz; Faria, Miguel; CISIS - Research Centre for Social Work and Social Intervention; EPCV - School of Psychology and Life Sciences
    Frontal lobe functions (FLFs) play an important role in human behavioral regulation and can be a determinant of eating behavior. The aim of this study was to analyse FLFs in individuals with obesity, with and without binge eating disorder (BED), compared to individuals with normal weight (NW), and to analyse the effect of sex and binge disorder on quality of life, with age and BMI as covariates. A total of 114 participants, comprising three different groups (NW individuals, individuals with obesity but without BED, and individuals with obesity and BED), completed the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) and Impact of Weight on Quality of Life (IWQOL-lite) questionnaires. The results showed that individuals with obesity, with and without BED, have poorer frontal lobe functioning than the NW group. Individuals with obesity and BED have lower performance in terms of FLFs than individuals with obesity but without BED. Male participants have a higher perception of quality of life in all dimensions, with women showing lower values in self-esteem and sex life. Individuals with obesity and BED show greater weaknesses in physical function. These results suggest that low FLFs and worse quality of life characterize individuals with obesity, and this is more evident in these individuals with BED.
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    Risks of obesity in adolescence : the role of physical activity in executive functions
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2021) Gameiro, Fátima; Rosa, Beatriz; FCSEA - Faculty of Social Sciences, Education and Administration; Institute for Social Work; EPCV - School of Psychology and Life Sciences
    The aim of this study was to analyze the efficiency of a physical activity program on executive performance in obese adolescents. Fifteen adolescents (5 males and 10 females), with a mean age of 14.73 years and an IMC mean of 36.74 participated in the study. None of the participants presented a compulsive eating disorder when screened by the Binge Eating Scale. A pretest and posttest assessment, twelve months later, was conducted by using a neuropsychological battery that evaluated the cognitive flexibility (Comprehensive Trail Making Test), inhibition control (Stroop Neuropsychological Screening Test and by the Frontal Assessment Battery), and planning (Tower of London). ANOVA of repeated measures was performed. The within-subjects tests demonstrated significant statistical differences between the two moments of evaluation at the level of inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility tasks, with higher performances in the second evaluation. These results suggest that the inclusion of obese adolescents in such programs may promote their executive capacities.