Campus Social : Revista Lusófona de Ciências Sociais nº 01 (2004)
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Item Relatório do Centro de Estudos do Género : da relação ao trabalho, do trabalho ao contrato social, projecto 36474/POCTI, Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2004) Santana, Vera; Centro de Estudos do GéneroWith the Project “From Relation to Work and from Work to the Re-Invention of Social Contract” the CEG – Centro de Estudos do Género (Gender Studies Center) aims at developing in Portugal an area of “Gender Sociology” in the University. In order to achieve this goal, the CEG promotes research on the question of the construction of a new social contract based on categories that emphasize the social “relation” in opposition to the male and other modern economic categories. The role of women is considered fundamental for this reconstruction which moves the CEG to investigate about Social Gender Relations, taking up the following three issues: “The Love Discourse”, “Gender and Structures of Decision” and “Conciliation Work/ Family”. They represent aspects that are intimately related. The results of each aspect empower the other two, and should permit in due course of time a comparison of the results and theoretical framework.Item O paraíso e o poder . A América e a Europa na nova ordem mundial [de Robert Kagan](Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2004) Soares, Gonçalo; Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Educação e AdministraçãoItem Gunder Frank revisitado : um “sistema mundo” francamente único(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2004) Souza, Teotónio R. de; Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Educação e AdministraçãoAndré Gunder Frank is an economist, a sociologist and many other things rolled into one, but always a “frank” believer in macrohistorical perspective of analysis. The historical process for man and nature is one and continuous. It cannot be reduced to past 500 years to suit the Eurocentric interests. The rise of Europe is a passing phenomenon. Europe bought a ticket with American silver to join the Asian band wagon. Europe did not create any new capitalist system ab ovo as proclaimed and defended by most social scientists of the West, including the grandfathers of sociology and their more modern descendants. Andre Gunder Frank presents a challenge to the hegemonic forces that continue to obfuscate the reality projecting ideological categories as scientific truths.Item O mundo na era da globalização [de Anthony Giddens](Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2004) Costa, João Pedro; Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Educação e AdministraçãoItem A globalização como factor de exclusão(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2004) Silva, Nuno Cardoso da; Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Educação e AdministraçãoFrom a social point of view globalization is a natural, inevitable, continuing process of mutual discovery. However, exposing less developed economies to unrestricted competition of globalization will necessarily lead to failure of local development processes. The developed world must tap resources, natural and financial, from all over the world, in order to maintain its own growth rate. Global liberalism will tend to increase the numbers of the socially excluded, both in developed and underdeveloped countries. Lack of ethics in the so-called developed world contributes to the progressive dehumanization of our societies, making us insensible to the misery resulting from globalization. Globalization itself makes it impossible for any individual country to reestablish systems capable of promoting the common good. Only a global change of attitude might be able to transform a market economy into an economy dedicated to the preservation of dignity and to the protection of the weak. It is a process that would require a crucial role of the State.Item Apogeu e Declínio da Sociedade Industrial: O Sindicalismo na Encruzilhada(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2004) Oliveira, José Grosso de; Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Educação e AdministraçãoFollowing the crisis of the industrial society, the representation in terms of work and class conflict has weakened. The structure of the working class is divided and even the vocabulary has changed. Now we hear of exclusion, rather than of exploitation. The idea of the centrality of the social conflict is not adapting itself to the complexity and fragmentation of the contemporary, post-industrial societies.Item A civilização do oprimido(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2004) Romão, José Eustáquio; Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Educação e AdministraçãoIt is important to define the terms culture, civilization and paradigm. Starting with the premise that all peoples have their cultures, this text studies the formation of culture as a process that results from three different processes, namely, productive, social and symbolic. All three jointly make the “civilizing process” or a process of search of full realization of humaneness. It is proposed as hypothesis that this process is only possible with the help of the oppressed, viewed as historical agents and not in ontological terms, because there is no “oppressed in se”, nor an “oppressor in se”. Both are the outcome of historical relationships. A worker may be an oppressed in his factory, but an oppressor of his own wife and children at home. The “civilizing impulse” is seen as resulting from the human consciousness of imperfection and consequent search of perfection and of the need for change of conditions of suffering. It is the movement of change that leads to “civilization”, not the institutionalization and structuring of the gains.Item Do Crescimento Económico ao Desenvolvimento Humano em Tempos de Globalização(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2004) Antunes, Manuel de Azevedo; Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Educação e AdministraçãoThe theme of the Development/Underdevelopment has been the target of the most exciting analyses, particularly since mid last century, or rather since the end of the Second Great War. The dominant perspective is the economic one, pointing to economicism. Little is said about the other aspects of the social development process in the worldglobalization. Although the globalization is new in our days, its planetary character is, with a long list of consequences, both beneficial and harmful, depending upon the points of view and the subjects involved.Item Rice culture of divine right in a celestially ordered zone : a case study of South Asian and South-Esat Asian Ideologies and Hegemonies from c. 2000 B.C. to c. 1800 A.D. with specific reference to Bengal(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2004) Mukherjee, Rila; Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Educação e AdministraçãoO texto pretende localizar os ritmos do comércio de Bengala durante as oito hegemonias sucessivas que dominaram a Ásia meridional e a Ásia do Sudeste entre 2000 BC e 1750 AD. Estas foram: 1) A transição inicial de tribalismo para Estados sob a orientação do Bramanismo; 2) Budismo; 3) Revivalismo brâmane (purânico) nos séculos IX e X; 4) A revolução comercial no Golfo de Bengala no século XI; 5) A ordem mongol; 6) A primeira rede islâmica; 7) O sistema-mundo europeu do tipo português; 8) O sistema de Estados no século XVI – um segundo sistema-mundo islâmico. O texto sugere que Bengala manifestou fortes potencialidades comerciais nas fases 2,4 e 6. Esta força ficou reduzida no século XVI devido a uma combinação de factores: As ligações com o ocidente desde o período de Husain Shahi e continuadas nos tempos dos Mongóis, as ligações riverinas oesteleste dos séculos XVI –XVIII, o declínio do comércio oriental, a retirada chinesa, a queda do Aração e o declínio do comércio português no Golfo de Bengala.Item Guerras do Século XXI : novos medos, novas ameaças [de Ignacio Ramonet](Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2004) Duarte, Alexandra Sousa; Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Educação e AdministraçãoItem Uma apresentação crítica de recensões - notas de leituras(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2004) Tomé, António J. V. de Almeida; Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Educação e AdministraçãoItem A mãe judia (portuguesa) de Michel de Montaigne ou o carácter implacável do anti–semitismo francês?(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2004) Margarido, Alfredo; Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Educação e AdministraçãoThe essay raises questions about the silence observed by M. de Montaigne in his Les Essais (1580) about his mother and maternal side of Portuguese (?) Jewish origin, settled in the French Gascony. Was also the exclusion of the widow from the final will of Pierre Eyquem, the father of M. de Montaigne a sign of a cover-up that was intended to permit his heir-descendant to fit into the ranks of the traditional catholic French nobility without any suspicion of “stain” of Jewish blood? What about the silence of the French historiography about this matter? Is it a reflexion of the traditional French antisemitism, reinforced by the happenings in the Iberian peninsula?Item Uma proposta para a Paz passa pelo alargamento da UE : terá a Europa coragem para levar a União até á África Ocidental?(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2004) Santos, Rui Teixeira; Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Educação e AdministraçãoIn the same manner that the struggle of classes, born in the industrial revolution in the XVII and XVIII century, was neither a confrontation nor an arrangement between the working class and the bourgeois. Today, in globalization, the cultural conflicts are not solved through confrontation or from the dialogue between civilizations. The broadening of the European Union is much more urgent than its deepening. It many imply an European Union at various velocities, but it may be the answer to terrorism. There must be courage to take the European borders beyond Turkey and even beyond the Middle East and Magreb. It is time to think of broadening it to include Western Africa, where Al Qaeda is moving in.Item Identidades culturais e democracia : reflexões sobre o texto de M. Wiewiorka(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2004) Ferreira, Aida; Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Educação e AdministraçãoThe question that we raise here concerns chiefly the political conditions, namely the actions of the western democracies in the context of the prevailing economic, cultural and military globalization. We recognize therefore the incoherence of the democratic societies, creators of social inequalities and violators of fundamental rights in the name of an increasingly powerful transcontinental elite. By losing the social identity, an essential component of the cultural identity, the socially excluded also lose their cultural identity. Even when they have possibilities of being represented in the public space of the representative democracies through the right for cultural claims, as Wiewiorka tells us, the problem is better stated by Norberto Bobbio, who does not emphasize the rights of claim or protest, but rather the need to determine who is the guarantor of those rights. The right to work is an essentiaL component of cultural identity.Item Tempo para a guerra, tempo para a paz [de Shimon Peres](Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2004) Castro, Carlos Manuel de; Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Educação e AdministraçãoItem Territorial identity and sustainable development : from concept to analysis(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2004) Roca, Zoran; Mourão, Jorge Carvalho; Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Educação e AdministraçãoA necessidade de (re)afirmar a identidade dos lugares e regiões com o objectivo de aumentar a sua competitividade no mercado global de bens, serviços e ideias tem sido geralmente adoptado nas políticas de desenvolvimento regional e local, mais de um modo retórico do que operacional. Faltam, de facto, instrumentos analíticos adequados para a avaliação da identidade territorial no contexto do nexo local-global. Neste artigo é discutido o enquadramento conceptual e metodológico necessário para o estudo das mudanças nas identidades territoriais e é apresentada evidência empírica dos conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas dos agentes de desenvolvimento local em Portugal.