Atividade laboratorial no ensino das ciências : um estudo exploratório
Miniatura indisponível
Data
2014
Título da revista
ISSN da revista
Título do Volume
Editora
Resumo
A presente investigação teve como objetivo avaliar, em contexto escolar, a aprendizagem de conceitos relativos à Absorção e Emissão de Radiação, subunidade
integrada na unidade didática Do Sol ao Aquecimento, constante do programa do ensino secundário, na disciplina de Física e Química A.
O estudo foi realizado na Escola Secundária Eça de Queirós, em Lisboa, onde participaram duas turmas do 10º ano de escolaridade escolhidas por conveniência. Usou-se como metodologia a aplicação de um teste de associação de palavras antes e depois da intervenção pedagógica com os alunos. A intervenção consistiu de uma atividade laboratorial do tipo investigativo para uma das turmas e seguindo os moldes tradicionais na outra. A atividade do tipo investigativo consistiu na elaboração de um
protocolo experimental para posterior desenvolvimento da atividade laboratorial correspondente.
Foram também usados como instrumentos de recolha de informação, das
aprendizagens efetuadas pelos alunos, os respetivos cadernos de laboratório e os relatórios. Os dados recolhidos permitiram avaliar o desenvolvimento dos quadros conceptuais
dos alunos no decorrer do processo Ensino-Aprendizagem. Os resultados obtidos, com os instrumentos de avaliação usados, permitiram
concluir que ambas as turmas evoluiram positivamente, no entanto, na turma onde se efetuou a intervenção pedagógica verificou-se que a evolução foi mais acentuada.
Um questionário de opinião aplicado no final do processo permitiu admitir que o trabalho laboratorial desempenhou um papel motivador e de relevante interesse para o
desenvolvimento das aprendizagens de ambos os grupos. Os alunos da turma experimental
manisfestaram uma opinião claramente favorável à metodologia proposta.
Apesar das limitações, este estudo pode servir como ponto de partida para uma
reflexão sobre o modo como as atividades laboratoriais são implementadas no ensino da Física e da Química e de que forma contribuem para o envolvimento dos alunos na
construção do seu próprio conhecimento.
The objective of this research study was to evaluate, in school context, the learning of the concepts related to the Absorption and Emission of Radiation , a teaching module integrated in the teaching unit called From the Sun to the Heating, part of the secondary school curriculum of the Physics and Chemistry A course. The research study was undertaken in the Secondary School Eça de Queirós, in Lisbon, with the participation of two 10th grade classes, chosen as convenient. The methodology used was based on the application of a word association test before and after the pedagogic intervention with students. This intervention was an investigative laboratory activity carried out in one of the classes and a traditional laboratory activity in the other class. The investigative activity consisted in the elaboration, by the students, of a protocol to be used as the base of the corresponding laboratory activity. Students’ laboratory books and reports of the activity were also used as instruments for information collection about their learning of the topic. The data obtained allowed to evaluate the development of students, conceptual frameworks during the Teaching-Learning process. The results obtained with the evaluation instruments used allowed to conclude that both classes had a positive evolution, but with a greater evolution in the class where the pedagogic intervention had occurred.An opinion questionnaire used at the end of the process suggests that laboratory work plaid a motivating and interesting role for the learning development of both groups. The students of the experimental class showed an opinion clearly in favour of the methodology proposed. In spite of its limitations, this study may be used as a starting point for a reflection on the way laboratory activities are implemented in the teaching of Physics and Chemistry and how they contribute to students’ involvement in the construction of their own knowledge.
The objective of this research study was to evaluate, in school context, the learning of the concepts related to the Absorption and Emission of Radiation , a teaching module integrated in the teaching unit called From the Sun to the Heating, part of the secondary school curriculum of the Physics and Chemistry A course. The research study was undertaken in the Secondary School Eça de Queirós, in Lisbon, with the participation of two 10th grade classes, chosen as convenient. The methodology used was based on the application of a word association test before and after the pedagogic intervention with students. This intervention was an investigative laboratory activity carried out in one of the classes and a traditional laboratory activity in the other class. The investigative activity consisted in the elaboration, by the students, of a protocol to be used as the base of the corresponding laboratory activity. Students’ laboratory books and reports of the activity were also used as instruments for information collection about their learning of the topic. The data obtained allowed to evaluate the development of students, conceptual frameworks during the Teaching-Learning process. The results obtained with the evaluation instruments used allowed to conclude that both classes had a positive evolution, but with a greater evolution in the class where the pedagogic intervention had occurred.An opinion questionnaire used at the end of the process suggests that laboratory work plaid a motivating and interesting role for the learning development of both groups. The students of the experimental class showed an opinion clearly in favour of the methodology proposed. In spite of its limitations, this study may be used as a starting point for a reflection on the way laboratory activities are implemented in the teaching of Physics and Chemistry and how they contribute to students’ involvement in the construction of their own knowledge.
Descrição
Orientação: Maria Elisa Maia ; co-orientação: Lina Maria Cardoso Lopes
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM ENSINO DE FÍSICA E QUÍMICA NO 3.º CICLO DO ENS. BÁSICO E SECUNDÁRIO, EDUCAÇÃO, EDUCATION, ENSINO SECUNDÁRIO, SECONDARY EDUCATION, ENSINO DA FÍSICA, PHYSICS EDUCATION, ENSINO DA QUÍMICA, CHEMISTRY EDUCATION, TÉCNICAS DE LABORATÓRIO, LABORATORY TECHNIQUES, TESTES, TESTS, ENERGIA, ENERGY, ABSORÇÃO, ABSORPTION, ESTUDOS DE CASO, CASE STUDIES