Revestimento metálico num hotel na cidade do Porto : suas implicações
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2015
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O presente estudo realizado teve como base o trabalho desenvolvido na cadeira 5.1 de projeto, na Universidade Lusófona do Porto, ano letivo 2014/2015, em que o programa foi a elaboração de um Hotel, onde, o principal interesse temático foi a resolução de um revestimento metálico na sua fachada.
A evolução da temática, fachadas metálicas, teve um maior crescimento, não só a nível do material em si, mas também a nível de técnicas construtivas, com o surgimento da revolução industrial. Esta evolução foi possível aliada igualmente a uma mudança de mentalidade na forma de pensar a arquitetura, que foi integrando o metal de uma forma gradual não só a nível estrutural mas também de revestimento, adquirindo novas propriedades que até então eram pouco ou quase nada usadas.
Existindo vários tipos de materiais de revestimento de uma fachada, a escolha pelo metal foi de certo modo aquele que mais respostas pretendidas deu em termos de imagem, e foi a escolha assumida à priori, tendo sido temas importantes como tipo de juntas, tipos de aplicações, cortes, reciclagem, onde todos estes fatores tem influência na imagem final.
O alçado é aquele que tem um impacto direto com tudo aquilo que o rodeia, assim como o público que o assiste.
Foi com base nestas premissas que se começaram a desenvolver os processos de construção com revestimentos não colados à estrutura. As fachadas com revestimento não colado à parede, ou mais conhecidas atualmente como fachadas ventiladas, são uma evolução técnica construtiva introduzida por Wagner (1888).
Neste seguimento foi estudado as malhas metálicas ao qual teve mais relevância para o desenvolvimento em concreto do projeto da cadeira de projeto. A utilização de malhas metálicas resulta numa tela de proteção solar que procura filtrar e reduzir a entrada dos raios solares diretos ao mesmo tempo que cria uma luminosidade mais difusa no espaço interior. Isto fez com que permitisse estudar formas e desenhos com um caracter de imagem mais ornamental, e onde se verificou que existem vários exemplos de projetos que tiraram vantagem desta característica.
Dois exemplos estudados para a melhor compreensão do tema, e que responde de certa forma a estas questões, foram os edifícios dos arquitetos Souto Moura, edifício habitacional na Maia, e de Jean Nouvel, o Hotel Saint-Jaimes. ambos tiveram nos seus projetos, o metal como o elemento principal nos seus alçados, sendo que ambos aplicaram-no de forma diferente, resultando numa imagem igualmente ela diferente.
This study was based on the work done in the project chair 5.1, the Lusophone University of Porto, school year 2014/2015, in which the program was the development of a hotel, where the main thematic interest was the resolution of a metallic coating on its facade. The evolution of the theme, metal facades, had higher growth, not only in the material itself, but also in terms of construction techniques, with the advent of the industrial revolution. This development was possible ally also a change of mentality in the way of thinking about architecture, which was integrating the metal in a gradual manner not only at the structural level but also coating, acquiring new properties that were previously little or no use. There are several types of a facade coating materials, the choice of metal was in a sense the one that required answers given in terms of image, and was the choice assumed a priori, have been important topics such as type joints, types of applications , cuts, recycling, where all these factors influences the final image. The elevation is one that has a direct impact on all that surrounds it, as well as the public who attends them. Under these assumptions that began to develop construction processes with not glued to the structure coatings. The facades coated not glued to the wall, or currently better known as ventilated facades, are a constructive technical developments introduced by Wagner (1888). In this follow-up was studied metal mesh which had more relevance to developing concrete design chair design. The use of metallic meshes results in sun protection fabric which seeks to reduce the input filter and the direct sunlight at the same time creating a diffuse luminosity in the interior space. This meant that allow studying shapes and designs with a more ornamental image character, and where it was found that there are several examples of projects that have taken advantage of this feature. Result, the questions are put, the metal facade will be seen as a coating that goes beyond functional aspects? As far as the metal could go capabilities in the application of a facade? A metal façade could be seen only as a coating as a skin it is? Two examples studied for better understanding of the subject, and in a way that responds to these questions were the buildings of the architects Souto Moura, residential building in Maia, and Jean Nouvel, the Hotel Saint-Jaimes. both had in their designs, the metal as the main element in their elevations, both of which applied it differently, resulting in an image it also different.
This study was based on the work done in the project chair 5.1, the Lusophone University of Porto, school year 2014/2015, in which the program was the development of a hotel, where the main thematic interest was the resolution of a metallic coating on its facade. The evolution of the theme, metal facades, had higher growth, not only in the material itself, but also in terms of construction techniques, with the advent of the industrial revolution. This development was possible ally also a change of mentality in the way of thinking about architecture, which was integrating the metal in a gradual manner not only at the structural level but also coating, acquiring new properties that were previously little or no use. There are several types of a facade coating materials, the choice of metal was in a sense the one that required answers given in terms of image, and was the choice assumed a priori, have been important topics such as type joints, types of applications , cuts, recycling, where all these factors influences the final image. The elevation is one that has a direct impact on all that surrounds it, as well as the public who attends them. Under these assumptions that began to develop construction processes with not glued to the structure coatings. The facades coated not glued to the wall, or currently better known as ventilated facades, are a constructive technical developments introduced by Wagner (1888). In this follow-up was studied metal mesh which had more relevance to developing concrete design chair design. The use of metallic meshes results in sun protection fabric which seeks to reduce the input filter and the direct sunlight at the same time creating a diffuse luminosity in the interior space. This meant that allow studying shapes and designs with a more ornamental image character, and where it was found that there are several examples of projects that have taken advantage of this feature. Result, the questions are put, the metal facade will be seen as a coating that goes beyond functional aspects? As far as the metal could go capabilities in the application of a facade? A metal façade could be seen only as a coating as a skin it is? Two examples studied for better understanding of the subject, and in a way that responds to these questions were the buildings of the architects Souto Moura, residential building in Maia, and Jean Nouvel, the Hotel Saint-Jaimes. both had in their designs, the metal as the main element in their elevations, both of which applied it differently, resulting in an image it also different.
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Orientação: Edite Maria Figueiredo e Rosa
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM ARQUITETURA, ARQUITETURA, ARCHITECTURE, MATERIAIS DE CONSTRUÇÃO, BUILDING MATERIALS, RECICLAGEM, RECYCLING, METAIS, METALS, HOTÉIS, HOTELS, PORTO, OPORTO, REVESTIMENTOS EXTERIORES, EXTERIOR COATINGS