As minas de Aljustrel : território subterrâneo, paisagem a descobrir : CIMA - Centro Interpretativo da Mina de Algares
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2018
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A presente dissertação resulta da investigação que vim a desenvolver acerca das Minas de
Aljustrel, durante quase dois anos, incluindo quatro meses de permanência na Vila. A
história destas Minas não constitui exceção ao contexto mineiro, também elas tiveram um
passado enquanto marco da identidade do lugar onde se encontram afinidades. Desde a
Pré-história até ao dealbar deste milénio, a exploração mineira foi, e é, um fato
restruturante na vida das populações. A Vila de Aljustrel é o “véu” do que existe no seu
subsolo. Uma vila que tem como elemento gerador do seu desenvolvimento a procura pelo
minério. De acordo com o tempo da Roma Antiga, todos os lugares têm um génio, o
Genius Loci o qual estabeleceu um diálogo com o que vem a existir na sua envolvente,
dando resposta aos anseios do lugar. As Minas de Aljustrel surgem como essa resposta.
Nos finais do século XIX, as Minas de Aljustrel e de São Domingos constituem os
principais complexos mineiros existentes em Portugal. Situadas na Faixa Piritosa
Alentejana que se prolonga além-fronteira até à região de Huelva, em Espanha, onde
vieram a nascer alguns dos complexos mineiros mais importantes da história da exploração
mineira. Em seu redor, vieram a nascer alguns dos mais importantes bairros mineiros que
vieram dar origem às vilas mineiras que hoje em dia conhecemos. Autênticos paradigmas
da habitação que marcaram e marcam as “nossas” vidas, quem não pasma a olhar para as
terras descarnadas de uma mina? Um lugar que não existe em parte alguma, carregado de
significado e história. Com o passar dos anos as Minas de Aljustrel vieram a fazer parte de
um conjunto de fatores que viriam a restruturar não só a Vila, mas todo o território
envolvente, com a criação dos bairros operários com o aparecimento da eletricidade, o
telefone, o caminho de ferro que no século XIX tiveram um grande impacto na região para
apoio às explorações mineiras.
This dissertation is the result of the research that I have been developing on the Aljustrel Mines for almost two years, including four months of stay in the village. The history of these mines is not an exception to the mining context, the From prehistory to the dawn of this millennium, mining has been, and is, a restruc- turing fact in the lives of the people. The village of Aljustrel is the "veil" of what exists in its subsoil. A town that has as its generator the demand for ore. According to the time of Ancient Rome, all places have a genius, the Genius Loci which established a dialogue with what comes into existence in its surroundings, responding to the yearnings of the place.y also had a past while masking the identity of the place where affinities are found. The Aljustrel Mines arise as this answer. At the end of the 19th century, the Aljustrel and São Domingos Mines constitute the main mining complexes in Portugal. Located in the Piritosa Alentejana Strip that extends beyond the border to the region of Huelva, Spain, where some of the most important mining complexes in the history of mining came to birth. Around it, some of the most important mining districts that came to give origin to the mining towns that we know today came to be born. Authentic paradigms of housing that have marked and marked our lives, who does not stare at the barren land of a mine? A place that does not exist has nowhere, loaded with meaning and history. Over the years the Aljustrel Mines became part of a set of factors that would restructure not only the Village but the whole surrounding territory, with the creation of working districts with the appearance of electricity, the telephone, the road which in the 19th century had a major impact in the region to support the mining operations.
This dissertation is the result of the research that I have been developing on the Aljustrel Mines for almost two years, including four months of stay in the village. The history of these mines is not an exception to the mining context, the From prehistory to the dawn of this millennium, mining has been, and is, a restruc- turing fact in the lives of the people. The village of Aljustrel is the "veil" of what exists in its subsoil. A town that has as its generator the demand for ore. According to the time of Ancient Rome, all places have a genius, the Genius Loci which established a dialogue with what comes into existence in its surroundings, responding to the yearnings of the place.y also had a past while masking the identity of the place where affinities are found. The Aljustrel Mines arise as this answer. At the end of the 19th century, the Aljustrel and São Domingos Mines constitute the main mining complexes in Portugal. Located in the Piritosa Alentejana Strip that extends beyond the border to the region of Huelva, Spain, where some of the most important mining complexes in the history of mining came to birth. Around it, some of the most important mining districts that came to give origin to the mining towns that we know today came to be born. Authentic paradigms of housing that have marked and marked our lives, who does not stare at the barren land of a mine? A place that does not exist has nowhere, loaded with meaning and history. Over the years the Aljustrel Mines became part of a set of factors that would restructure not only the Village but the whole surrounding territory, with the creation of working districts with the appearance of electricity, the telephone, the road which in the 19th century had a major impact in the region to support the mining operations.
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Orientação: João Filipe Ribeiro Borges da Cunha
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM ARQUITETURA, ARQUITETURA, PATRIMÓNIO, MINAS, IDENTIDADE, MEMÓRIA, ARCHITECTURE, HERITAGE, MINES, IDENTITY, MEMORY, ALJUSTREL