Avaliação de dose em radiologia pediátrica numa unidade de cuidados intensivos neonatal
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Data
2009
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Edições Universitárias Lusófonas
Resumo
A radiossenssibilidade em crianças é superior à dos adultos, pelo que a avaliação dos parâmetros de dose utilizados em pediatria, principalmente em recém-nascidos, assume particular importância. Também importante é a avaliação da quantidade de dose de radiação a que os pacientes, pelo simples facto de estarem perto, ou na vizinhança, de outros que vão realizar exames radiológicos, estão sujeitos. Neste estudo, efectuado no Hospital D. Estefânia em Lisboa,
avaliou-se a dose de radiação ionizante com dosímetros (ATOMTEX 3509B) no paciente examinado e no paciente adjacente. Foram calculadas as doses à entrada da pele (DEP) utilizando os parâmetros físicos empregados. Nos 28
exames efectuados por 8 técnicos diferentes, as leituras obtidas com os dosímetros eram praticamente
insignificantes, quer para o paciente examinado (énero feminino e 0.04 énero
masculino) quer para o adjacente (0 ). Os valores de DEP calculados estavam abaixo do limite recomendado
internacionalmente para recém-nascidos, de 80 μGy. Apesar de haver uma diferença estatisticamente significativa
entre os pesos das crianças do género masculino e feminino, não se verificou uma diferença semelhante para as DEP calculadas.
Este estudo demonstrou que a DEP calculada com os parâmetros físicos utilizados ficava abaixo da DEP
recomendada internacionalmente, e que as leituras obtidas nos pacientes examinados, bem como no paciente
adjacente, atingiram níveis insignificantes.
Radio-sensitivity in children is much larger than in adults. Hence, x-ray examinations in newborns staying in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU's) is a concern. Simultaneously, given the close proximity of neighboring patients in NICU's, x-ray examinations can have repercussions on adjacent patients, In this study, carried out at the D. Estefânia Pediatric Hospital in Lisbon, Portugal, the dose of ionizing radiation administered to newborns undergoing the examination was evaluated using dosimeters (ATOMTEX 35 O9B), as well as in the adjacent patient. Entrance skin doses (ESD) were calculated given the physical parameters registered during each examination. In the 28 examinations performed by 8 different technicians, dosimeter readings were practically insignificant, both for the examined patient (0.09 uSv for female gender e 0.04 uSv to the male gender) as well as for the adjacent patient (O uSv). Calculated ESD values were all below the intemationally recommended value of 80 uGy. Although a statistically significant difference was observed between the weights of male and female patients, no such difference was identified in the calculated ESD values. This study showed that the ESD calculated with the physical parameters used in the examinations were below the intemationally recommended ESD and those dosimeters readings in both examined and adjacent patient reached insignificant levels.
Radio-sensitivity in children is much larger than in adults. Hence, x-ray examinations in newborns staying in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU's) is a concern. Simultaneously, given the close proximity of neighboring patients in NICU's, x-ray examinations can have repercussions on adjacent patients, In this study, carried out at the D. Estefânia Pediatric Hospital in Lisbon, Portugal, the dose of ionizing radiation administered to newborns undergoing the examination was evaluated using dosimeters (ATOMTEX 35 O9B), as well as in the adjacent patient. Entrance skin doses (ESD) were calculated given the physical parameters registered during each examination. In the 28 examinations performed by 8 different technicians, dosimeter readings were practically insignificant, both for the examined patient (0.09 uSv for female gender e 0.04 uSv to the male gender) as well as for the adjacent patient (O uSv). Calculated ESD values were all below the intemationally recommended value of 80 uGy. Although a statistically significant difference was observed between the weights of male and female patients, no such difference was identified in the calculated ESD values. This study showed that the ESD calculated with the physical parameters used in the examinations were below the intemationally recommended ESD and those dosimeters readings in both examined and adjacent patient reached insignificant levels.
Descrição
Revista Lusófona de Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde
Palavras-chave
MEDICINA, MEDICINE, RADIOLOGIA PEDIÁTRICA, PEDIATRIC RADIOLOGY, DOSE DE RADIAÇÃO, RADIOTHERAPY DOSAGE, RAIOS X, X-RAYS, CUIDADOS INTENSIVOS, INTENSIVE CARE, NEONATOLOGIA, NEONATOLOGY, RADIAÇÃO IONIZANTE, IONIZING RADIATION, ESTUDOS DE CASO, CASE STUDIES