Cabo Verde: da descolonização à abertura democrática
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2013
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Cabo Verde, descoberto no século XV, viveu sob o domínio de Portugal até ao processo de descolonização, que culminou na independência do arquipélago.
A 5 de julho de 1975, o PAIGC, partido binacional, que já estava no Poder na Guiné-Bissau, tomou conta do Poder em Cabo Verde, passando ambos os países a viver sob o regime de partido único.
Esta união foi mantida até ao golpe de Estado de 1980, em Bissau, que levou à cisão dos dois Estados, dando lugar a um novo partido, o PAICV, que passou a governar Cabo Verde a partir de 1981.
No entanto, o regime continuou a ser de partido único.
Em 1990, o Conselho Nacional do PAICV decidiu proceder à abertura política, permitindo que outros partidos concorressem às eleições.
Assim, as eleições legislativas, as presidenciais e as autárquicas de 1991, foram vencidas de forma clara pelo único partido da oposição que cumpria as exigências legais para concorrer, o MpD.
O estudo da evolução política do arquipélago permite constatar que a democracia está no caminho da consolidação, tendo havido alternância política nas eleições de 2001. Por isso, Cabo Verde tem sido apontado como um exemplo no que concerne ao regime democrático na África não apenas Lusófona.
O objetivo desta dissertação é analisar a evolução política de Cabo Verde, desde o processo de descolonização até à abertura política e traçar uma visão prospetiva sobre o país.
Cape Verde, discovered in the XV century, lived under the Portuguese domination until the decolonization process, which culminated in the independence of the archipelago. On the 5th of July of 1975, the PAIGC, a binational party, which was already governing Guinea-Bissau, took the Power in Cape Verde, leading both countries to live under a single party regime. This union was maintained until the coup d´etat of 1980, in Bissau, that led to the splitting of the two States, giving rise to a new party, the PAICV, which started to govern Cape Verde since 1981. However, the regime remained a single party one. In 1990, the PAICV National Council decided on a political opening, allowing other parties to compete in the elections. Thus, the legislative, presidential and municipal elections of 1991 were clearly won by the only opposition party that fulfilled the legal requirements to compete, the MpD. The study of the political evolution of the coup d´etat allows to watch that the democracy is on its way to consolidation, due to political changes in the 2001 elections. Therefore, Cape Verde has been pointed as an example concerning to the democratic regime in Africa, and not only in Lusophone area. The purpose of this dissertation is to analyze the political evolution of Cape Verde, since the decolonization process until the political opening and draw a prospective view of the country.
Cape Verde, discovered in the XV century, lived under the Portuguese domination until the decolonization process, which culminated in the independence of the archipelago. On the 5th of July of 1975, the PAIGC, a binational party, which was already governing Guinea-Bissau, took the Power in Cape Verde, leading both countries to live under a single party regime. This union was maintained until the coup d´etat of 1980, in Bissau, that led to the splitting of the two States, giving rise to a new party, the PAICV, which started to govern Cape Verde since 1981. However, the regime remained a single party one. In 1990, the PAICV National Council decided on a political opening, allowing other parties to compete in the elections. Thus, the legislative, presidential and municipal elections of 1991 were clearly won by the only opposition party that fulfilled the legal requirements to compete, the MpD. The study of the political evolution of the coup d´etat allows to watch that the democracy is on its way to consolidation, due to political changes in the 2001 elections. Therefore, Cape Verde has been pointed as an example concerning to the democratic regime in Africa, and not only in Lusophone area. The purpose of this dissertation is to analyze the political evolution of Cape Verde, since the decolonization process until the political opening and draw a prospective view of the country.
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Orientação: José Filipe Pinto
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CIÊNCIA POLÍTICA, CPLP, DESCOLONIZAÇÃO, DEMOCRACIA, MONOPARTIDARISMO, MULTIPARTIDARISMO, CABO VERDE, MESTRADO EM CIÊNCIA POLÍTICA - CIDADANIA E GOVERNAÇÃO, POLITICAL SCIENCE, CPLP, DECOLONISATION, DEMOCRACY, MULTIPARTY SYSTEM, SINGLE PARTY SYSTEM, CABO VERDE