Planeamento urbano na Libia entre a realidade e as perspectivas. Estudo de caso: região de Benghazi e sub-região de Al Jabal Al Akhdar
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2015
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O estudo tem como objectivo identificar o impacto da disseminação da construção urbana não prevista nos programas de planeamento urbano e de desenvolvimento regional da região de Al Jabal Al Akhdar, considerada como a província mais importante e distinta do resto das províncias do país pela particularidade das suas características ambientais naturais, e destaca as reformas do planeamento urbano na Líbia e as mais importantes etapas experimentadas pelas partes interessadas nesta área, como evidenciam as legislações e ferramentas aplicadas no domínio do planeamento urbano e regional. Este estudo é uma extensão do esforço do autor de preparação e de análise das informações de leitura para a Autoridade do Planeamento Urbano (UPA) onde se verificou uma grande prevalência da construção urbana não planificada resultando de vários problemas que afectaram os planos regionais e urbanos preparados para o desenvolvimento da região Al Jabal Al Akhdar.
Vários factores sociais, económicos e políticos contribuíram para a propagação da construção urbana à volta das cidades, com diferentes padrões contrários às normas e formas de design urbano planificado, em termos de estrutura urbana externa e interna, bem como a distribuição de uso das terras, onde prevalecem as apropriações tribais que constituem um grande obstáculo impedindo a implementação de programas de desenvolvimento particularmente os planos de desenvolvimento agrícola e os projectos turísticos, cujas actividades económicas são das mais importantes da província.
Os resultados da pesquisa mostram que as construções não planificadas à volta das cidades são construções habitacionais modernas e de luxo, que continuam a aumentar, o que impede a expansão dos planos previstos das cidades, distorcendo o seu aspecto além de impactar negativamente os programas de desenvolvimento sustentável nacionais em geral e nesta região em particular.
Portanto, perante estes resultados, o pesquisador coloca as mais importantes recomendações e sugestões em termos de metas e estratégias para reduzir os danos deste fenómeno, e que poderá ser uma das contribuições para a resolução dos problemas com bases científicas e objectivas viáveis para o planificador na área de planeamento urbano e regional no futuro, na Líbia particularmente.Esta dissertação propõe o ponto de partida ou o fundamento para a realização de várias pesquisas científicas neste âmbito que permitirá o desenvolvimento e a prosperidade de gabinetes de estudos científicos líbios, visto que as referências existentes são limitadas aos relatórios das agências governamentais na Líbia. E assim acreditamos que este trabalho contribuirá para enriquecer a investigação científica no futuro.
The study aims to identify the impact of urban construction spread not covered by urban planning programs and regional development of Al Jabal Al Akhdar region, considered as the most important and distinct province from the rest of the country's provinces by the peculiarity of their natural environmental features, and highlights the urban planning reforms in Libya and the most important stages experienced by stakeholders in this area, as evidenced by the legislation and tools applied in the field of urban and regional planning. This study is an effort extension preparation and analysis of reading information of the author for the Urban Planning Authority (UPA) where there was a high prevalence of unplanned urban construction resulting from a variety of problems affecting the regional plans and prepared urban for the development of Al Jabal Al akhdar region. A number of social, economic and political factors contributed to the spread of urban construction around the cities, with different patterns opposing to the norms and forms of urban design planned in terms of external and internal urban structure as well as the distribution of land use, where prevail tribal appropriations that represent a major obstacle preventing the implementation of development programs particularly the plans for agricultural development and tourism projects, whose economic activities are the most important of the province. The survey results show that unplanned constructions around the cities are modern and luxurious residential buildings, which continue to increase, which prevents the expansion of the plans provided for the cities, distorting their appearance as well as negatively impact development programs national overall sustainable and in this particular region. Therefore, given these results, the researcher puts the most important recommendations and suggestions in terms of goals and strategies to reduce the damage of this phenomenon, and that may be one of the contributions to the resolution of the problems with viable scientific and objective basis for the planner in urban and regional planning area in the future, particularly in Libya. This thesis proposes the starting point or foundation for the realization numerous scientific research in this field that will enable the development and prosperity of Libyan scientific consultants, since the references are limited to reports of government agencies in Libya. And so we believe that this work will help to enrich scientific research in the future.
The study aims to identify the impact of urban construction spread not covered by urban planning programs and regional development of Al Jabal Al Akhdar region, considered as the most important and distinct province from the rest of the country's provinces by the peculiarity of their natural environmental features, and highlights the urban planning reforms in Libya and the most important stages experienced by stakeholders in this area, as evidenced by the legislation and tools applied in the field of urban and regional planning. This study is an effort extension preparation and analysis of reading information of the author for the Urban Planning Authority (UPA) where there was a high prevalence of unplanned urban construction resulting from a variety of problems affecting the regional plans and prepared urban for the development of Al Jabal Al akhdar region. A number of social, economic and political factors contributed to the spread of urban construction around the cities, with different patterns opposing to the norms and forms of urban design planned in terms of external and internal urban structure as well as the distribution of land use, where prevail tribal appropriations that represent a major obstacle preventing the implementation of development programs particularly the plans for agricultural development and tourism projects, whose economic activities are the most important of the province. The survey results show that unplanned constructions around the cities are modern and luxurious residential buildings, which continue to increase, which prevents the expansion of the plans provided for the cities, distorting their appearance as well as negatively impact development programs national overall sustainable and in this particular region. Therefore, given these results, the researcher puts the most important recommendations and suggestions in terms of goals and strategies to reduce the damage of this phenomenon, and that may be one of the contributions to the resolution of the problems with viable scientific and objective basis for the planner in urban and regional planning area in the future, particularly in Libya. This thesis proposes the starting point or foundation for the realization numerous scientific research in this field that will enable the development and prosperity of Libyan scientific consultants, since the references are limited to reports of government agencies in Libya. And so we believe that this work will help to enrich scientific research in the future.
Descrição
Orientação: José Diogo da Silva Mateus
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM URBANISMO, URBANISMO, DESENVOLVIMENTO URBANO, PLANEAMENTO REGIONAL, REABILITAÇÃO URBANA, LIBIA, BENGAZI, URBANISM, URBAN DEVELOPMENT, REGIONAL PLANNING, URBAN REHABILITATION, LIBYA, BENGHAZI