Fatores de risco nos jovens para o consumo de cannabis: o papel do assistente social
Miniatura indisponível
Data
2021
Título da revista
ISSN da revista
Título do Volume
Editora
Resumo
Os efeitos nefastos, de ordem holística, do consumo de cannabis são largamente reportados na literatura e manifestam-se a curto, a médio e longo prazo. A curto-prazo os efeitos mais comuns decorrentes de uma intoxicação, são as perturbações ao nível das emoções, dos comportamentos, de cognição e da consciência. O longo-prazo pode estar associado a uma multiplicidade de condições, que abrangem a dependência, perturbações psiquiátricas, disfunção cognitiva, doenças cardiovasculares, doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica e cancro de pulmão (Barrona, 2017).
Para conhecer a tomada de decisão relativamente ao consumo é preciso conhecer as interações entre as singularidades de cada usuário e o meio sociocultural em que vive. Este estudo tem como objetivo conhecer os fatores de risco individuais e sociais que levam os estudantes universitários, entre os 18 e os 25 anos, a consumir canabinoides e, ainda, conhecer a sua perceção relativamente à importância atribuída ao técnico superior de serviço social nas escolas. A amostra é constituída por 243 estudantes universitários, sendo que 179 dos mesmos já consumiram cannabis. A técnica utilizada para a recolha de dados foi o inquérito por questionário através do Google Forms. Concluiu-se que a perceção dos inquiridos relativamente às principais motivações para consumir cannabis passa pela procura de desinibição, pela busca de prazer e pela diversão com os seus pares, e que o consumo ocorre com maior frequência nas saídas à noite com os amigos. No que concerne aos fatores de risco, verificaram-se na dinâmica individual, a inconstância ao nível do autocontrolo, a dificuldade de decisão no imediato e as dificuldades de concentração, na dinâmica familiar, as expetativas elevadas por parte dos familiares em relação a si, na dimensão do grupo de pares, o consumo de tabaco, o abuso de álcool, o facto da maioria dos pares experimentarem droga e de alguns fumarem cannabis, no domínio escolar, a reduzida manifestação de interesse por parte dos professores em apoiar os estudantes e uma perceção de relação entre alunos e professores fragilizada, quanto à comunidade, foi identificado o fácil acesso a substâncias ilícitas. A maioria dos inquiridos reporta a importância dos assistentes sociais nas escolas secundárias e apontam como principais competências, apoiar os alunos nas suas dificuldades sociais e motivar para comportamentos adaptados.
The harmful, holistic effects of cannabis use are widely reported in the literature. In order to understand decision-making regarding consumption, it is necessary to know the interactions between the singularities of each user and the sociocultural environment in which they live. This study aims to understand the individual and social risk factors that lead university students, aged between 18 and 25 years, to consume cannabinoids, and also to know their perception of the importance attributed to social workers in schools. The sample consists of 243 university students, 179 of which have already used cannabis. The methodology used for data collection was a questionnaire survey using Google Forms. It was concluded that the respondents' perception of the main motivations for using cannabis is the search for disinhibition, for pleasure and fun with their peers, and that consumption occurs more frequently on outings at night with friends. Regarding risk factors in the individual dynamics, the following were seen: the inconstancy at the level of self-control, the difficulty in making immediate decisions and the difficulties in concentrating; in the family dynamics: the high expectations on the part of the family regarding themselves; in peer group dynamics: tobacco use, alcohol abuse, the fact that most peers try drugs and some smoke cannabis; in the school domain: the low expression of interest by teachers in supporting students and a weakened perception of the relationship between students and teachers; finally, regarding the community, easy access to illicit substances was identified as a risk factor. Most respondents report the importance of social workers in secondary schools and point out that their main skills are supporting students in their social difficulties and motivating them for adaptive behaviours.
The harmful, holistic effects of cannabis use are widely reported in the literature. In order to understand decision-making regarding consumption, it is necessary to know the interactions between the singularities of each user and the sociocultural environment in which they live. This study aims to understand the individual and social risk factors that lead university students, aged between 18 and 25 years, to consume cannabinoids, and also to know their perception of the importance attributed to social workers in schools. The sample consists of 243 university students, 179 of which have already used cannabis. The methodology used for data collection was a questionnaire survey using Google Forms. It was concluded that the respondents' perception of the main motivations for using cannabis is the search for disinhibition, for pleasure and fun with their peers, and that consumption occurs more frequently on outings at night with friends. Regarding risk factors in the individual dynamics, the following were seen: the inconstancy at the level of self-control, the difficulty in making immediate decisions and the difficulties in concentrating; in the family dynamics: the high expectations on the part of the family regarding themselves; in peer group dynamics: tobacco use, alcohol abuse, the fact that most peers try drugs and some smoke cannabis; in the school domain: the low expression of interest by teachers in supporting students and a weakened perception of the relationship between students and teachers; finally, regarding the community, easy access to illicit substances was identified as a risk factor. Most respondents report the importance of social workers in secondary schools and point out that their main skills are supporting students in their social difficulties and motivating them for adaptive behaviours.
Descrição
Orientação: Fátima Gameiro
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM RISCOS E VIOLÊNCIA(S) NAS SOCIEDADES ATUAIS: ANÁLISE E INTERVENÇÃO SOCIAL, SERVIÇO SOCIAL, ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS, CANNABIS, FATORES DE RISCO, ASSISTENTES SOCIAIS, SOCIAL WORK, COLLEGE STUDENTS, RISK FACTORS, SOCIAL WORKERS