Cegueira congénita e adquirida: implicações na saúde mental e resiliência
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2014
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Esta investigação teve como principal objetivo estudar os fenómenos da saúde mental e resiliência entre indivíduos com cegueira congénita e adquirida. Pretendeu-se avaliar o impacto destes dois tipos de cegueira na saúde mental e na resiliência.
Analisou-se ainda o efeito de outras variáveis como género, idade, habilitações literárias e tipo de coabitação (viver com/sem cônjuge) na saúde mental e na resiliência dos deficientes visuais.
Como instrumentos de medição foram usados o MHI-5 e a “Resilience Scale”. Foi construído para a investigação um guia de resposta em braille, permitindo diminuir o risco de enviesamento nas respostas.
A amostra, de conveniência, foi constituída por 95 sujeitos cegos, 47 com cegueira congénita e 48 com cegueira adquirida. Na análise dos resultados foram essencialmente aplicados o teste t de Student para amostras independentes e a ANOVA.
Os cegos congénitos obtiveram valores de saúde mental e resiliência mais elevados do que os portadores de cegueira adquirida. Relativamente às variáveis sociodemográficas, obtiveram valores mais elevados de saúde mental e resiliência: homens vs. mulheres; indivíduos com nível superior de educação vs. com baixa educação; os que vivem com cônjuge vs. sem cônjuge.
Foram discutidas as implicações práticas do estudo e feitas sugestões para investigações futuras.
The main object of this investigation was to study the phenomena related with mental health and resilience among individuals with congenital and acquired blindness. The aim was to assess the impact of these two kinds of blindness in mental health and resilience. The effect of other variables as gender, age, education and kind of cohabitation (living with or without a spouse) was yet analyzed in the mental health and resilience of visually impaired people. As assessment instruments both the MHI-5 and the “Resilience Scale” were employed. A guidebook with answers in braille was compiled for the investigation, thus allowing to minimize the risk of unclear replies. The convenience sampling was composed by 95 blind subjects, 47 of which with congenital blindness and 48 with acquired blindness. In the analysis of the results, Student’s t test, for independent samples, and ANOVA were basically used. Congenital blind people obtained higher values of mental health and resilience than those with acquired blindness. In respect of sociodemographic variables, the higher values of mental health and resilience were obtained as follows: men vs. women; individuals with superior education vs. those with lower education; people living with a spouse vs. those without a spouse. The practical implications of the study were discussed and suggestions were made for future research.
The main object of this investigation was to study the phenomena related with mental health and resilience among individuals with congenital and acquired blindness. The aim was to assess the impact of these two kinds of blindness in mental health and resilience. The effect of other variables as gender, age, education and kind of cohabitation (living with or without a spouse) was yet analyzed in the mental health and resilience of visually impaired people. As assessment instruments both the MHI-5 and the “Resilience Scale” were employed. A guidebook with answers in braille was compiled for the investigation, thus allowing to minimize the risk of unclear replies. The convenience sampling was composed by 95 blind subjects, 47 of which with congenital blindness and 48 with acquired blindness. In the analysis of the results, Student’s t test, for independent samples, and ANOVA were basically used. Congenital blind people obtained higher values of mental health and resilience than those with acquired blindness. In respect of sociodemographic variables, the higher values of mental health and resilience were obtained as follows: men vs. women; individuals with superior education vs. those with lower education; people living with a spouse vs. those without a spouse. The practical implications of the study were discussed and suggestions were made for future research.
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Orientação: Edgar Pereira
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MESTRADO EM PSICOLOGIA, ACONSELHAMENTO E PSICOTERAPIAS, PSICOLOGIA, DEFICIÊNCIA VISUAL CONGÉNITA, DEFICIÊNCIA VISUAL ADQURIDA, SAÚDE MENTAL, RESILIÊNCIA, PSYCHOLOGY, VISUAL IMPAIRMENT, CONGENITAL VISUAL IMPAIRMENT, ACQUIRED VISUAL IMPAIRMENT, MENTAL HEALTH, RESILIENCE, DEFICIÊNCIA VISUAL