A intervenção do serviço social nas unidades de cuidados continuados integrados em tempo de pandemia: estudo realizado nas ULDM da Comunidade Intermunicipal do Oeste
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2022
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Atualmente, a população vive mais tempo e com melhores condições de vida do que num passado recente. O desenvolvimento da proteção social e as políticas de saúde que se têm vindo a verificar criaram condições para um envelhecimento ativo e saudável. Quando se envelhece em situação de dependência, o Estado tenta garantir respostas sociais através de políticas sociais, como forma de dar resposta na continuidade de cuidados. Em resposta a esta necessidade, foi criada a Rede Nacional de Cuidados Continuados Integrados (RNCCI), uma política que o Estado regula, mas que, através de acordos e parcerias, coloca a responsabilidade da continuidade de cuidados no terceiro setor e em entidades privadas.
O presente estudo incide sobre a intervenção do Serviço Social nas Unidades de Longa Duração e Manutenção da RNCCI, inseridas na Comunidade Intermunicipal do Oeste, e pretende conhecer o trabalho dos Assistentes Sociais, a envolvência das famílias dos utentes na procura de solução futura para a necessidade específica do utente, assim como os desafios sentidos durante a pandemia provocada pela Covid-19.
O trabalho assenta na metodologia qualitativa com recurso à técnica da entrevista semidiretiva. Foram entrevistadas as sete Assistentes Sociais das Unidades de Longa Duração e Manutenção, pertencentes à Comunidade Intermunicipal do Oeste.
Este estudo mostrou que, dos 180 utentes das ULDM da OesteCIM, 81 são “casos sociais” que, na voz das entrevistadas, são utentes que estão na Rede para resolver a “questão social”, com reduzido suporte familiar e económico, que aguardam vaga protocolada pela Segurança Social em ERPI, vaga esta, que pode demorar anos até ser disponibilizada. Salienta-se a persistência das Assistentes Sociais na tentativa permanente de encontrar uma solução social para estes utentes, bem como na envolvência familiar para manter os vínculos afetivos. Foi relatado que a consequência mais danosa a nível social sentida durante a pandemia foi a ausência de visitas, não só para os utentes como para as famílias.
Today, with better living conditions and medical care, the longevity of the population on average is longer than in the recent past. The development of social protection and healthcare policies have created conditions for an ageing healthier and active lifestyle. When you get old in a situation of dependency, the State guarantees social responses through its social policies, to respond to the need for continuity of care. To fulfil this need, the Continued Care National Network (RNCCI - Rede Nacional de Cuidados Continuados Integrados) was created. It´s a system the State regulates, but which, through agreements and partnerships, places the responsibility for the continuity of care in the third sector and private entities. This study focuses on the intervention of Social Work in the Long-Term and Care Units (ULDM - Unidades de Longa Duração e Manutenção) of the RNCCI, inserted in the Inter-municipal Community of the West of Portugal (OesteCIM), and aims to explain the work of Social Workers, and the involvement of patients’ families in the search for future solution to the specific needs of the patients, as well as the challenges experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic. The work is based on a qualitative methodology using a semi-directive interview technique applied to the seven Social Workers of the ULDM, which belong to OesteCIM. The study demonstrates that, of the 180 ULDM patients, 81 are considered "social cases" which, in the words of the interviewees, are patients with a reduced family and economic support, that are in the RNCCI to solve their "social issue", while waiting for a vacancy filed by Social Security in Residential Structure for the Elderly (ERPI- Estrutura Residencial para Idosos), which may take years to become available. The persistence of Social Workers and their permanent attempt to find a social solution for these patients is highlighted, as well as the family involvement to maintain affective bonds. It was reported that the most harmful social consequence caused by the impact of the pandemic was the absence of visits, which affected not only patients, but also their families.
Today, with better living conditions and medical care, the longevity of the population on average is longer than in the recent past. The development of social protection and healthcare policies have created conditions for an ageing healthier and active lifestyle. When you get old in a situation of dependency, the State guarantees social responses through its social policies, to respond to the need for continuity of care. To fulfil this need, the Continued Care National Network (RNCCI - Rede Nacional de Cuidados Continuados Integrados) was created. It´s a system the State regulates, but which, through agreements and partnerships, places the responsibility for the continuity of care in the third sector and private entities. This study focuses on the intervention of Social Work in the Long-Term and Care Units (ULDM - Unidades de Longa Duração e Manutenção) of the RNCCI, inserted in the Inter-municipal Community of the West of Portugal (OesteCIM), and aims to explain the work of Social Workers, and the involvement of patients’ families in the search for future solution to the specific needs of the patients, as well as the challenges experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic. The work is based on a qualitative methodology using a semi-directive interview technique applied to the seven Social Workers of the ULDM, which belong to OesteCIM. The study demonstrates that, of the 180 ULDM patients, 81 are considered "social cases" which, in the words of the interviewees, are patients with a reduced family and economic support, that are in the RNCCI to solve their "social issue", while waiting for a vacancy filed by Social Security in Residential Structure for the Elderly (ERPI- Estrutura Residencial para Idosos), which may take years to become available. The persistence of Social Workers and their permanent attempt to find a social solution for these patients is highlighted, as well as the family involvement to maintain affective bonds. It was reported that the most harmful social consequence caused by the impact of the pandemic was the absence of visits, which affected not only patients, but also their families.
Descrição
Orientação: Hélia Bracons Carneiro
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM SERVIÇO SOCIAL E POLÍTICA SOCIAL, SERVIÇO SOCIAL, ENVELHECIMENTO, REDE NACIONAL DE CUIDADOS CONTINUADOS INTEGRADOS, INTERVENÇÃO SOCIAL, PANDEMIAS, SOCIAL WORK, AGEING, NATIONAL NETWORK FOR INTEGRATED CONTINUOUS CARE, SOCIAL INTERVENTION, PANDEMICS, UNIDADES DE LONGA DURAÇÃO E MANUTENÇÃO, LONG-TERM AND CARE UNITS