Avaliação da composição corporal de mulheres jovens vegetarianas e omnívoras - um estudo exploratório
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2021
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A dieta é geralmente aceite como determinante da composição corporal, especialmente quando relacionada com estilos de
vida específicos. Acredita-se que as dietas vegetarianas-veganas que envolvem uma redução ou eliminação do consumo
de produtos animais, são mais "saudáveis" facilitando o controlo do peso e reduzindo a incidência e o curso clínico de
diferentes doenças. No entanto, as revisões e meta-análises sobre estas questões são ainda insuficientes. A nossa abordagem
preliminar aborda as diferenças na composição corporal total entre vegetarianos-vegan e indivíduos omnívoros. Este
estudo transversal envolveu dez mulheres saudáveis, cinco vegetarianas-veganas, e cinco omnívoras (média de 28,10
anos de idade). A composição corporal foi avaliada utilizando uma absorptiometria de raios X de dupla energia (DXA
Lunar Prodigy Advance - General Electric Healthcare®). Outras variáveis gerais e sociodemográficas foram também
recolhidas por nutricionistas treinados. Os resultados mostraram que o grupo vegetariano-vegan teve um volume inferior
não significativo de qualquer tipo de massa (osso, gordura, massa magra, tecido, tecido livre de gordura) avaliada. Além
disso, estas mulheres jovens vegetarianas-vegan apresentaram valores mais elevados de tecido adiposo visceral e tecido
adiposo subcutâneo (286,20 e 11138,40 cm3, respetivamente, p>0,05) em comparação com o grupo omnívoro. Estas
diferenças serão ainda confirmadas em estudos subsequentes.
Palavras-chave: Composição corporal; tecido adiposo visceral; tecido adiposo subcutâneo; dieta vegetariana;
absorptiometria de raios X de dupla energia
Diet is commonly accepted as a determinant of body composition, especially when related to specific lifestyles. Vegetarian-vegan diets, which involve a reduction or elimination of animal product consumption, are believed to be more “healthy,” facilitating weight control and reducing the incidence and clinical course of different diseases, in particular those related to overweight and obesity. Global reviews and metanalysis on these issues, however, are still insufficient. Our preliminary approach addresses the total body composition differences among vegetarians-vegans and omnivorous individuals. This cross-sectional study involved ten healthy women, five vegetarian-vegan, and five omnivores (mean 28.10 years old). Body composition was assessed using a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA Lunar Prodigy Advance - General Electric Healthcare®). Other general and sociodemographic variables were also collected by trained dietitians. Our results have shown that the vegetarian-vegan group had a non-significantly lower volume of all types of body mass (total bone, fat, lean, tissue, and fat-free) evaluated. Additionally, the vegetarian-vegan group presented higher values of visceral adipose tissue and subcutaneous adipose tissue (286.20 and 11138.40 cm3, respectively, p > 0.05) compared to the omnivore group. These differences will be further confirmed in subsequent studies. Keywords: Body composition; visceral adipose tissue; subcutaneous adipose tissue; vegetarian-vegan diet; Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry
Diet is commonly accepted as a determinant of body composition, especially when related to specific lifestyles. Vegetarian-vegan diets, which involve a reduction or elimination of animal product consumption, are believed to be more “healthy,” facilitating weight control and reducing the incidence and clinical course of different diseases, in particular those related to overweight and obesity. Global reviews and metanalysis on these issues, however, are still insufficient. Our preliminary approach addresses the total body composition differences among vegetarians-vegans and omnivorous individuals. This cross-sectional study involved ten healthy women, five vegetarian-vegan, and five omnivores (mean 28.10 years old). Body composition was assessed using a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA Lunar Prodigy Advance - General Electric Healthcare®). Other general and sociodemographic variables were also collected by trained dietitians. Our results have shown that the vegetarian-vegan group had a non-significantly lower volume of all types of body mass (total bone, fat, lean, tissue, and fat-free) evaluated. Additionally, the vegetarian-vegan group presented higher values of visceral adipose tissue and subcutaneous adipose tissue (286.20 and 11138.40 cm3, respectively, p > 0.05) compared to the omnivore group. These differences will be further confirmed in subsequent studies. Keywords: Body composition; visceral adipose tissue; subcutaneous adipose tissue; vegetarian-vegan diet; Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry
Descrição
Biomedical and biopharmaceutical research : jornal de investigação biomédica e biofarmacêutica
Palavras-chave
MEDICINA, BIOMEDICINA, COMPOSIÇÃO CORPORAL, TECIDOS ADIPOSOS, VEGETARIANISMO, MEDICINE, BIOMEDICINE, BODY COMPOSITION, ADIPOSE CELLS, VEGETARIANISM, ABSORCIOMETRIA DE RAIOS-X DUPLA, DUAL-ENERGY X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY