Avaliação dos padrões de dose em radiologia pediátrica na radiografia simples do abdómen
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Data
2009
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Edições Universitárias Lusófonas
Resumo
A radiossensibilidade de crianças, muito superior à dos adultos, aliada à elevada utilização de exames radiológicos,
justifica a preocupação com as doses à entrada da pele (DEP) e doses efectivas (DEF) durante exames radiológicos
pediátricos. Neste trabalho quantificou-se a DEP e a DEF em sistemas convencionais e digitais em exames
abdominais em crianças dos 0-15 anos, comparando os parâmetros físicos utilizados com os estipulados pelos
critérios de boas práticas. Em 35 exames, verificou-se uma diferença estatisticamente significativa (p=0.025) entre
DEP convencional (522.78 μGy) e digital (35.29 μGy), o que não ocorreu com a DEF (48.89 vs. 41.35 μGy). Os valores de DEP em sistema convencional ultrapassavam os de referência para os grupos etários de 1-4 (477.5 vs. 400
μGy) e 15 anos (2260 vs. 1200 μGy).A maior parte dos critérios de boas práticas estavam em conformidade com os
critérios internacionais, excepto a utilização de filtragem (superior ao recomendado), a utilização inadequada de
grelha e a utilização (não recomendada) de controlo automático de exposição em crianças com idade inferior a 5 anos.
Higher children radio-sensibility and the large usage of radiological examinations justify the concern with entrance skin dose (ESD) and effective dose (EFD) during paediatric radiological examinations. In this study, the ESD and EFD were quantified in both conventional and digital systems, during abdominal exams of children aged 0-15 years. Physical parameters were registered and compared with those established by international guidelines. In a total of 35 cases registered in this study, a statistically significant difference was observed between conventional (522.78 μGy) and digital (35.29 μGy) ESD. No statistical difference was observed between digital and conventional EFD (48.89 vs. 41.35 μGy). Conventional ESD values surpassed those established by international guidelines within the 1-4 (477.5 vs. 400 μGy) and 15 (2260 vs. 1200 μGy) age groups. Most practices were in compliance with guidelines except filter usage (higher than recommended), inadequate grid application, and usage of automatic exposure control (not recommended) in children younger than 5 years of age.
Higher children radio-sensibility and the large usage of radiological examinations justify the concern with entrance skin dose (ESD) and effective dose (EFD) during paediatric radiological examinations. In this study, the ESD and EFD were quantified in both conventional and digital systems, during abdominal exams of children aged 0-15 years. Physical parameters were registered and compared with those established by international guidelines. In a total of 35 cases registered in this study, a statistically significant difference was observed between conventional (522.78 μGy) and digital (35.29 μGy) ESD. No statistical difference was observed between digital and conventional EFD (48.89 vs. 41.35 μGy). Conventional ESD values surpassed those established by international guidelines within the 1-4 (477.5 vs. 400 μGy) and 15 (2260 vs. 1200 μGy) age groups. Most practices were in compliance with guidelines except filter usage (higher than recommended), inadequate grid application, and usage of automatic exposure control (not recommended) in children younger than 5 years of age.
Descrição
Revista Lusófona de Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde
Palavras-chave
MEDICINA, MEDICINE, PEDIATRIC RADIOLOGY, RADIOLOGIA PEDIÁTRICA, DOSE DE RADIAÇÃO, RADIOTHERAPY DOSAGE, ESTUDOS DE CASO, CASE STUDIES