As formas criativas de pensar na terceira idade e quarta idades
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2011
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A criatividade é um tema que deve ser valorizado em todas as etapas de desenvolvimento, para tal é necessário mecanismos que potenciem e propiciem este processo nos diversos contextos onde o indivíduo se relaciona. Nesta dissertação são apresentadas algumas perspectivas e abordagens sobre a criatividade, e sua relação com o envelhecimento. Desta forma, é realizada uma tentativa de abordar à seguinte questão: como se manifesta o pensamento criativo nesta fase da vida?
O presente estudo pretende avaliar e caracterizar os níves de criatividade em adultos de meia-idade adulta bem como idade adulta tardia, tendo em conta a idade, sexo, habilitações literárias e nível sócio-económico. A amostra recolhida é uma amostra de conveniência constituída por 207 sujeitos, com idades compreendidas entre os 65 e 92 anos (M = 79,2 anos); (DP = 7,49).
Foi utilizada como medida de avaliação, o teste TCT-DP - Test of Creative Thinking - Drawing Production de Urban e Jellen (1996).
Verificou-se a existência de diferenças estatisticamente significativas na 3ª e 4ª idade para o total do TCT-DP, sendo os indivíduos da 3ª idade os que apresentam médias superiores de criatividade. Também na variável habilitações literárias foi possível constatar a existência de diferenças estatisticamente significativas, sendo que, para a totalidade do TCT-DP foram os participantes com níveis de escolaridade superiores ao 4º ano com média superiores ao nível da criatividade. Além disso, a variável nível sócio-económico também apresentou diferenças estatisticamente, apenas para o total da amostra, bem como a variável grau de autonomia. Também foi possível constatar, uma associação estatisticamente significativa entre o nível sócio-económico e a variável outras actividades, e entre o grau de autonomia e outras actividades.
The creativity is a theme that has to be considered in all life-span, however, some mechanisms are necessary to improve and lead with this process in all environments where individuals are related to. This study presents different approaches and perspectives about creativity and its relationship with aging. At this manner, is realized an attempt to approach an answer to the question: how the creativity thinking could be expressed in this stage of life? It was aimed to analyze levels of creative thinking in middle and old age, considering their educational levels, age, gender and social-economic status. The convenience sample had 207 subjects, aging from 65 to 95 years old (M = 79,2 years); (DP = 7,49). The measure of avaliation used was the Test for Creative Thinking-Drawing Production (TCT-DP) of K. Urban and H. Yellen (1996). Was found significant statistical differences in the 3rd and 4th age for the total TCT-DP, and the 3rd age of individuals who have a higher average creativity. Also in the variable educational level was possible to verify statistically significant differences, for the entire TCT-DP, were participants with higher levels of schooling to the 4th year had higher average in the level of creativity. In addition, the variable socio-economic level also showed significant differences only for the total sample as well as the variable level of autonomy. It also appeared, a statistically significant association between socioeconomic variable and other activities, and between the degree of autonomy and other activities.
The creativity is a theme that has to be considered in all life-span, however, some mechanisms are necessary to improve and lead with this process in all environments where individuals are related to. This study presents different approaches and perspectives about creativity and its relationship with aging. At this manner, is realized an attempt to approach an answer to the question: how the creativity thinking could be expressed in this stage of life? It was aimed to analyze levels of creative thinking in middle and old age, considering their educational levels, age, gender and social-economic status. The convenience sample had 207 subjects, aging from 65 to 95 years old (M = 79,2 years); (DP = 7,49). The measure of avaliation used was the Test for Creative Thinking-Drawing Production (TCT-DP) of K. Urban and H. Yellen (1996). Was found significant statistical differences in the 3rd and 4th age for the total TCT-DP, and the 3rd age of individuals who have a higher average creativity. Also in the variable educational level was possible to verify statistically significant differences, for the entire TCT-DP, were participants with higher levels of schooling to the 4th year had higher average in the level of creativity. In addition, the variable socio-economic level also showed significant differences only for the total sample as well as the variable level of autonomy. It also appeared, a statistically significant association between socioeconomic variable and other activities, and between the degree of autonomy and other activities.
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Orientação: Sara Ibérico Nogueira
Palavras-chave
PSICOLOGIA, CRIATIVIDADE, ENVELHECIMENTO, TCT-DP (TESTE...), MESTRADO EM PSICOLOGIA, ACONSELHAMENTO E PSICOTERAPIAS, TERCEIRA IDADE, PSYCHOLOGY, CREATIVITY, AGEING, OLD AGE