Angola: dinâmicas internas e externas na luta de libertação (1961-1975)
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Data
2014
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Pretendeu-se com o presente trabalho compreender, no que concerne o estudo do
conflito armado angolano e ao longo do período compreendido entre 1961-1975, as razões
que estiveram na génese do antagonismo existente entre os três principais Movimentos de
Libertação de Angola (MPLA, FNLA e UNITA), e as dificuldades que os mesmos
enfrentaram no sentido de se unirem formando uma única força política e militar.
Para tal, o estudo encontra-se dividido em seis capítulos, onde são apresentados os
grandes enquadramentos que conduziram às conclusões do trabalho de investigação que nos
propusemos realizar.
Assim, para familiarizar o leitor com o vasto leque de conhecimentos procurou-se,
numa primeira fase, perspectivar o enquadramento histórico, desde o inicio das disputas
internacionais pelas soberanias nos territórios africanos, o papele a estratégia das grandes
potências no processo internacional de descolonização, até ao desenvolvimento da acção da
Organização de Unidade Africana (OUA).
De seguida centramo-nos na caracterização física e social do território angolano e
dos actores políticos angolanos, nomeadamente a origem e actividades iniciais dos
Movimentos de Libertação de Angola, os seus apoios e as suas relações externas.
A abordagem da presente investigação descreve o modo de como o MPLA, a FNLA
e a UNITA surgiram no Teatro de Operações e, a medida que iniciavam a sua actividade de
guerrilha, mostravam, em relação aos outros movimentos que já actuavam, divergências
ideológicas e inultrapassáveis, tornando-se rivais.
Por fim, faz-se uma abordagem descrevendo o modo de como os Movimentos de
Libertação de Angola definiram e analisaram a situação conflitual existente entre si no
território angolano, exercendo acções oportunas, internas e externas.
The aim of this work was to understand the Angolan armed conflict, during the years 1961-1975, the reasons behind the origins of the struggle between the three main liberation movements (MPLA, FNLA and UNITA) , and the difficulties that they faced in order to unite to become a single political and military force . In order to do this, the study is divided into six chapters, each of which feature the major frameworks that led to the conclusions that needed to be achieved. So, to familiarize the reader with the wide range of knowledge of this subject, we look, initially, at the historical background, from the beginning of international disputes over sovereignty in African territories, through the role and strategy of great powers involved in the international decolonization process and onto the development of the Organization of African Unity (OAU). Following that, we focus on the characterization of Angola and its political players, including the birth and initial activities of the liberation movements, as well as their support and external relations. The approach of this research describes the method of how the MPLA, FNLA and UNITA emerged, in the Theatre of Operations, and the measure with which they initiated their guerrilla activity which, in turn, showed, in relation to other moves that were in force, ideological differences which were so unsurpassable that they became competitors. Finally, we dealt with the description of how the different liberation movements have defined and analyzed the existing conflict between themselves in Angola, exercising the appropriate actions, both internally and externally.
The aim of this work was to understand the Angolan armed conflict, during the years 1961-1975, the reasons behind the origins of the struggle between the three main liberation movements (MPLA, FNLA and UNITA) , and the difficulties that they faced in order to unite to become a single political and military force . In order to do this, the study is divided into six chapters, each of which feature the major frameworks that led to the conclusions that needed to be achieved. So, to familiarize the reader with the wide range of knowledge of this subject, we look, initially, at the historical background, from the beginning of international disputes over sovereignty in African territories, through the role and strategy of great powers involved in the international decolonization process and onto the development of the Organization of African Unity (OAU). Following that, we focus on the characterization of Angola and its political players, including the birth and initial activities of the liberation movements, as well as their support and external relations. The approach of this research describes the method of how the MPLA, FNLA and UNITA emerged, in the Theatre of Operations, and the measure with which they initiated their guerrilla activity which, in turn, showed, in relation to other moves that were in force, ideological differences which were so unsurpassable that they became competitors. Finally, we dealt with the description of how the different liberation movements have defined and analyzed the existing conflict between themselves in Angola, exercising the appropriate actions, both internally and externally.
Descrição
Orientação : Tcherno Djaló
Palavras-chave
CIÊNCIA POLÍTICA, DOUTORAMENTO EM CIÊNCIA POLÍTICA, COLONIALISMO, INDEPENDÊNCIA, MOVIMENTOS REVOLUCIONÁRIOS, ANGOLA, MPLA, FNLA, UNITA, OUA, POLITICAL SCIENCE, COLONIALISM, INDEPENDENCE, REVOLUTIONARY MOVEMENTS, ANGOLA, MPLA, FNLA, UNITA, OUA