O antigo campo de concentração do Tarrafal : da opressão à valorização cultural
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2018
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Pretende-se com o presente trabalho estudar, debater e propor uma estratégia de conservação a longo prazo das estruturas edificadas do antigo Campo de Concentração do Tarrafal, em Cabo Verde, tendo presente o seu valor histórico e de memória reconhecido pelo governo cabo-verdiano através da classificação como bem integrante do património cultural do País.
Este espaço prisional, que esteve ativo entre 1936 e 1974, foi criado pelo governo de Salazar, no sentido de suprimir fisicamente os antifascistas mais combativos e para, ao mesmo tempo, atemorizar todos os que queriam a liberdade. Por isso, o espaço deixou a marca da violência e da repressão que atingiu portugueses, cabo-verdianos, guineenses e angolanos.
O espaço prisional foi criado com a designação de Colónia Penal e mais tarde de Campo de Trabalho. Porém, a extensa bibliografia consultada refere-o como Campo de Concentração do Tarrafal, Campo da Morte Lenta ou Pântano da Morte.
Na presente dissertação é realizada uma apreciação da arquitetura prisional e utilitária do Campo de Concentração (expressão que assumimos como a mais consensual entre os estudiosos do assunto), pois esses edifícios constituem o principal suporte da memória. Julgamos que será através da preservação da arquitetura original de todo o conjunto edificado, e não apenas de uma parte, que se conseguirá resgatar ao conhecimento dos mais novos o passado de sofrimento que existiu nesse recinto.
Propomos que o recinto assuma a sua vocação cultural direcionado ao conhecimento.
The aim of this paper is to study, discuss and propose a strategy for the long-term conservation of the built structures of the former Tarrafal Concentration Camp in Cape Verde, bearing in mind its historical and memory value recognized by the Cape Verdean government through of classification as an integral part of the country's cultural heritage. This prison space, which was active between 1936 and 1974, was created by the government of Salazar, in order to physically suppress the most combative antifascists and, at the same time, to frighten all those who wanted freedom. Therefore, the space left the mark of the violence and repression that hit Portuguese, Cape Verdeans, Guineans and Angolans. The prison space was created with the designation of Penal Colony and later of Labor Field. However, the extensive bibliography referred to refers to it as the Tarrafal Concentration Camp, the Slow Death Camp or the Death Swamp. In the present dissertation an appreciation of the prison and utilitarian architecture of the Concentration Camp (expression that we assume as the most consensual among the scholars of the subject) is realized, since these buildings constitute the main support of the memory. We believe that it will be through the preservation of the original architecture of the entire edifice, not only of a part, that we will be able to rescue to the knowledge of the younger ones the past of suffering that existed in that enclosure. We propose that the campus assumes its cultural vocation directed to knowledge.
The aim of this paper is to study, discuss and propose a strategy for the long-term conservation of the built structures of the former Tarrafal Concentration Camp in Cape Verde, bearing in mind its historical and memory value recognized by the Cape Verdean government through of classification as an integral part of the country's cultural heritage. This prison space, which was active between 1936 and 1974, was created by the government of Salazar, in order to physically suppress the most combative antifascists and, at the same time, to frighten all those who wanted freedom. Therefore, the space left the mark of the violence and repression that hit Portuguese, Cape Verdeans, Guineans and Angolans. The prison space was created with the designation of Penal Colony and later of Labor Field. However, the extensive bibliography referred to refers to it as the Tarrafal Concentration Camp, the Slow Death Camp or the Death Swamp. In the present dissertation an appreciation of the prison and utilitarian architecture of the Concentration Camp (expression that we assume as the most consensual among the scholars of the subject) is realized, since these buildings constitute the main support of the memory. We believe that it will be through the preservation of the original architecture of the entire edifice, not only of a part, that we will be able to rescue to the knowledge of the younger ones the past of suffering that existed in that enclosure. We propose that the campus assumes its cultural vocation directed to knowledge.
Descrição
Orientação: Alberto Flávio Monteiro Lopes ; co-orientação: Nuno Bernardo Griff
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM ARQUITETURA, ARQUITETURA, ESTABELECIMENTOS PRISIONAIS, CAMPOS DE CONCENTRAÇÃO, PATRIMÓNIO CULTURAL, PRESERVAÇÃO DO PATRIMÓNIO, CABO VERDE, ARCHITECTURE, PRISONS, CONCENTRATION CAMPS, CULTURAL HERITAGE, HERITAGE PRESERVATION, CAPE VERDE