Aconselhamento nutricional de suplementos hiperproteicos e hipercalóricos em farmácia : percepções dos farmacêuticos sobre o serviço e suas necessidades
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2021
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A malnutrição, comum no idoso e doente oncológico, tem os Suplementos Alimentares (SA) hiperproteicos e hipercalóricos como terapêutica eficaz. A sua indicação nem sempre surge por aconselhamento médico e/ou nutricionista ficando esse papel para farmacêutico.Pretendeu-se caracterizar a experiência dos farmacêuticos em Farmácia Comunitária,no aconselhamento dos SA hiperproteicos e/ou hipercalóricos, e acompanhamento dos utentes, realizando um estudo qualitativo, observacional transversal. Para tal, foi desenvolvido uminstrumento de recolha (guião de entrevista), e aplicado à amostra de conveniência obtida pela técnica de amostragem snowball.Ficou evidente que para os farmacêuticos comunitários é mais fácil aconselhar os SA do que acompanhar devido à barreira falta de tempo e sistemas de informação inadequados. Na ótica dos farmacêuticos entrevistados, o preço dos SA condiciona a adesão dos utentes, e o seu aconselhamento baseia-se sobretudo na informação facultada pelos laboratórios. O aumento da frequência de dispensa gera confiança para aconselhar, mas ainda há dependência da validação de um médico/nutricionista, em especial nos doentes oncológicos. Diferentemente do resto da Europa, Portugal faculta na farmácia a consulta de nutrição feita por nutricionistas. Na perspetiva destes farmacêuticos, os nutricionistas têm conhecimento para delinear estratégias de tratamento facilitando o aconselhamento e acompanhamento dos utentes consumidores de SA.Estudos que explorem novas formas de interação farmacêutico/nutricionistas ou que determinem as ferramentas importantes para o desenvolvimento de sistemas de informação mais úteis na monitorização dos doentes, são uma possível continuidade deste trabalho.
Malnutrition, common in the elderly and cancer patients, has high protein and high calorie Food Supplements (FS) as an effective therapy. Their indication does not always come from medical and/or nutritional advice, leaving this role to the pharmacist. This study aimed to characterize the experience of pharmacists in Community Pharmacy, in counseling and monitoring users of high protein and high calorie FS, by conducting a qualitative, observational, cross-sectional study. To this end, a data-collecting instrument (interview script) was developed, and applied to a convenience sample obtained by the snowball sampling technique. It became evident that for community pharmacists it is easier to advise FS than to do the follow up due to the barrier “lack of time” and inadequate information systems. From the perspective of the interviewed pharmacists, the price of FS conditions the adherence of users, and their advice is based mainly on information provided by the laboratories. The increased frequency of dispensing FS creates confidence to advise, but there is still dependence on the validation of a physician/nutritionist, especially in cancer patients. Unlike the rest of Europe, Portugal provides nutrition consultation at the pharmacy by nutritionists. From these pharmacists' perspective, nutritionists have the knowledge to design treatment strategies, facilitating the counseling and monitoring of users of FS. Studies exploring new forms of pharmacist/nutritionist interaction or determining the important tools for the development of more useful information systems for patient monitoring are a possible continuation of this work.
Malnutrition, common in the elderly and cancer patients, has high protein and high calorie Food Supplements (FS) as an effective therapy. Their indication does not always come from medical and/or nutritional advice, leaving this role to the pharmacist. This study aimed to characterize the experience of pharmacists in Community Pharmacy, in counseling and monitoring users of high protein and high calorie FS, by conducting a qualitative, observational, cross-sectional study. To this end, a data-collecting instrument (interview script) was developed, and applied to a convenience sample obtained by the snowball sampling technique. It became evident that for community pharmacists it is easier to advise FS than to do the follow up due to the barrier “lack of time” and inadequate information systems. From the perspective of the interviewed pharmacists, the price of FS conditions the adherence of users, and their advice is based mainly on information provided by the laboratories. The increased frequency of dispensing FS creates confidence to advise, but there is still dependence on the validation of a physician/nutritionist, especially in cancer patients. Unlike the rest of Europe, Portugal provides nutrition consultation at the pharmacy by nutritionists. From these pharmacists' perspective, nutritionists have the knowledge to design treatment strategies, facilitating the counseling and monitoring of users of FS. Studies exploring new forms of pharmacist/nutritionist interaction or determining the important tools for the development of more useful information systems for patient monitoring are a possible continuation of this work.
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Orientação: João Pedro Gregório
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MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, DESNUTRIÇÃO, SUPLEMENTOS ALIMENTARES, FARMÁCIAS COMUNITÁRIAS, PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, MALNUTRITION, DIETARY SUPPLEMENT, COMMUNITY PHARMACIES