Dificuldades de aprendizagem de vocabulário de língua inglesa em turma de 9º ano na escola pública
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No complexo processo de aprendizagem de uma língua, é consenso entre professores e teóricos que o vocabulário exerça um papel crucial para o domínio das quatro habilidades linguísticas; sem ele, portanto, não haverá aprendizagem ou mesmo comunicação, pelo que é de vital importância que sua aquisição se estabeleça. Por esta razão, constituiu propósito deste estudo atuar de forma interventiva, enquanto pesquisa-ação, através de lições elaboradas sobre a base da Teoria do Duplo Canal no intuito de buscar a superação das dificuldades de aprendizagem de vocabulário de língua inglesa numa turma de 9º ano da escola pública, constituída por 14 sujeitos. O interesse desse estudo vincula-se à possibilidade de oferecer um incremento na aprendizagem de inglês entre alunos de língua portuguesa, suplantando a dificuldade relativa à opacidade ortográfica daquela frente ao português, oferecendo, assim, ocasião de ultrapassar a divergência entre os modelos de aprendizagem de vocabulário em língua materna e a forte tendência entre os aprendizes de transferirem o mesmo sistema usado para ler palavras em português para a língua inglesa, cuja correspondência grafema-fonema é deveras inconsistente. Assim, recorremos à construção dos armazéns de memória preconizados pela Teoria do Duplo Canal (Coltheart, 2005, 2013) levando o aprendiz a empregar a rota lexical ou direta na internalização do vocabulário a adquirir, construindo simultaneamente o vínculo fonológico-semântico-ortográfico. As lições ocorreram em 17 encontros e para mensurar o tamanho do vocabulário da turma foi utilizado o Vocabulary Size Test [VST] (Nation & Beglar, 2007) ao início e ao final da pesquisa a fim de auferir a apreensão lexical dos aprendizes. Para a elaboração das aulas utilizamos o critério de frequência das palavras e para isto recorremos aos corpora British National Corpus [BNC] e Corpus of Contemporary American English [COCA] através do ensino explícito de palavras que perpassaram atividades escritas e auditivas. A soma dos resultados demonstrou que houve progresso na aprendizagem lexical com reflexo sobre a habilidade de leitura em língua inglesa, bem como notado crescimento na pontuação do VST inicial e final, denotando evolução na suplantação das dificuldades apresentadas ao início da pesquisa.
In the complex process of a learning language, it is a consensus among teachers and theorists that vocabulary plays a crucial role for mastering the four linguistic skills; without it, there are not any learning or even communication. Therefore, it is very important to set the vocabulary acquisition. For this reason, the purpose of this study was to act in an interventional way, as action research, for lessons based on Dual Route Theory in order to overcome the difficulties of learning English vocabulary in a class of 9th grade of the public school, constituted by 14 students. The concernment of this study is related to the possibility of offering an increase in the learning of English among Portuguese-speaking students, supplanting the difficulty related to the orthographic opacity of the English language versus Portuguese. In addition, it intends to offer an opportunity to overcome the divergence between the learning models of vocabulary in the mother tongue and the strong tendency among learners to use the same system used to read words in Portuguese for English, whose grapheme-phoneme correspondence is very inconsistent. Thus, we used the memory warehouses advocated by the Dual Route Theory (Coltheart, 2005, 2013), leading the learner to use the lexical or direct route in the acquisition of the vocabulary to be acquired, simultaneously building a phonological-form-meaning link. The lessons were held in 17 meetings and the Vocabulary Size Test [VST] (Nation & Beglar, 2007) was used at the beginning and at the end of the research to measure learners apprehension. For the elaboration of the classes, we use the criterion of frequency of the words and for this we resort to the British National Corpus [BNC] and Corpus of Contemporary American English [COCA] through the explicit teaching of words that corresponded per passed written and learning activities. The sum of the results showed that there was progress in lexical learning with a reflex on the reading ability in English, as well as noticed growth in the initial and final VST scores, denoting evolution in the supplanting of the difficulties presented at the beginning of the research.
In the complex process of a learning language, it is a consensus among teachers and theorists that vocabulary plays a crucial role for mastering the four linguistic skills; without it, there are not any learning or even communication. Therefore, it is very important to set the vocabulary acquisition. For this reason, the purpose of this study was to act in an interventional way, as action research, for lessons based on Dual Route Theory in order to overcome the difficulties of learning English vocabulary in a class of 9th grade of the public school, constituted by 14 students. The concernment of this study is related to the possibility of offering an increase in the learning of English among Portuguese-speaking students, supplanting the difficulty related to the orthographic opacity of the English language versus Portuguese. In addition, it intends to offer an opportunity to overcome the divergence between the learning models of vocabulary in the mother tongue and the strong tendency among learners to use the same system used to read words in Portuguese for English, whose grapheme-phoneme correspondence is very inconsistent. Thus, we used the memory warehouses advocated by the Dual Route Theory (Coltheart, 2005, 2013), leading the learner to use the lexical or direct route in the acquisition of the vocabulary to be acquired, simultaneously building a phonological-form-meaning link. The lessons were held in 17 meetings and the Vocabulary Size Test [VST] (Nation & Beglar, 2007) was used at the beginning and at the end of the research to measure learners apprehension. For the elaboration of the classes, we use the criterion of frequency of the words and for this we resort to the British National Corpus [BNC] and Corpus of Contemporary American English [COCA] through the explicit teaching of words that corresponded per passed written and learning activities. The sum of the results showed that there was progress in lexical learning with a reflex on the reading ability in English, as well as noticed growth in the initial and final VST scores, denoting evolution in the supplanting of the difficulties presented at the beginning of the research.
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EDUCATION, LANGUAGE LEARNING, LANGUAGES TEACHING, SECOND LANGUAGE INSTRUCTION, LANGUAGE ACQUISITION, ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING, LANGUAGE DIDACTICS, MESTRADO EM CIÊNCIAS DA EDUCAÇÃO, EDUCAÇÃO, APRENDIZAGEM DE LÍNGUAS, ENSINO DE LÍNGUAS, ENSINO DE LÍNGUAS ESTRANGEIRAS, AQUISIÇÃO DA LINGUAGEM, ENSINO DA LÍNGUA INGLESA, DIDÁTICA DAS LÍNGUAS