Nanotecnologia na dor articular
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Data
2014
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A dor articular é o principal sintoma e problema mais amplamente descrito nas pessoas com osteoartrite. Esta patologia envolve a totalidade da articulação com um significativo impacto na qualidade de vida dos doentes, resultando em funções debilitadas e num profundo absentismo. Caracterizada patologicamente pelas altera-ções estruturais e processos inflamatórios, a dor articular permanece como a condição incapacitante mais reportada aos médicos. É, por isso, descrita como uma doença multifactorial influenciada principalmente pela idade e obesidade, ainda que a predis-posição genética pareça contribuir para o seu desenvolvimento e progressão A dor articular ao nível do joelho é largamente citada na literatura como a perturbação articu-lar que mais frequentemente leva os doentes a procurar os cuidados médicos. Tera-pêuticas comuns baseadas no paracetamol, AINEs, opióides e procedimentos cirúrgi-cos são alternativas terapêuticas no alívio da dor, mas a segurança destas é uma bar-reira complexa devido aos efeitos adversos e processo invasivos, respectivamente. As terapias não-farmacológicas também estão incluídas nas recentes guidelines, com resultados comprovados. Contudo, o desenvolvimento de novos sistemas de veicula-ção de fármacos é o objectivo principal das indústrias farmacêuticas. A Nanotecnolo-gia tem uma enorme importância no desenvolvimento de formulações mais eficazes cuja a principal vantagem irá naturalmente recair na libertação prolongada dos fárma-cos associados, e, em última instância, no aumento da adesão do doente à terapêuti-ca. Por exemplo, a aplicação à nanoescala das propriedades físico-químicas e funções biológicas do ácido hialurónico continuam sob investigação a fim de melhorar o contro-lo da osteartrite.
Joint pain is the major symptom and the most extensively described problem in people with osteoarthritis. This illness is a complex “whole joint” disease with a re-markable impact in patients quality of life, resulting in impaired functions and deep full absenteeism. Characterized pathologically by structural changes and inflammatory processes, the joint pain remains as the most reported disabling condition to physi-cians. Thereby, this disease is described as a multifactorial disease influenced mainly by age and obesity. Nevertheless the genetic predisposition seems to take a part in its development and progression. The knee joint pain is cited to a great extent in literature as the most frequent joints disorders that takes patients to search for medical care. Common therapeutics based on paracetamol, NSAIDs, opioids and surgical proce-dures are therapeutic alternatives to provide pain relief, but their safety is a complex barrier due to adverse effects and invasive processes, respectively. Also non-pharmacological therapies are present on recent guidelines, with proved outcomes. However, the development of novel drug delivery systems is the mainstream aim of nanotechnology industries. Nanotechnology has significant importance in the develop-ment odf more effective formulations whose the main advantage will naturally fall on the prolonged release of the associated drugs, and, ultimately, on the improvement of the patient adherence to therapy. For example, the application on nanoscale of hyalu-ronic acid and its physicochemical properties and biological functions is still under re-search to provide improvements on osteoarthritis control.
Joint pain is the major symptom and the most extensively described problem in people with osteoarthritis. This illness is a complex “whole joint” disease with a re-markable impact in patients quality of life, resulting in impaired functions and deep full absenteeism. Characterized pathologically by structural changes and inflammatory processes, the joint pain remains as the most reported disabling condition to physi-cians. Thereby, this disease is described as a multifactorial disease influenced mainly by age and obesity. Nevertheless the genetic predisposition seems to take a part in its development and progression. The knee joint pain is cited to a great extent in literature as the most frequent joints disorders that takes patients to search for medical care. Common therapeutics based on paracetamol, NSAIDs, opioids and surgical proce-dures are therapeutic alternatives to provide pain relief, but their safety is a complex barrier due to adverse effects and invasive processes, respectively. Also non-pharmacological therapies are present on recent guidelines, with proved outcomes. However, the development of novel drug delivery systems is the mainstream aim of nanotechnology industries. Nanotechnology has significant importance in the develop-ment odf more effective formulations whose the main advantage will naturally fall on the prolonged release of the associated drugs, and, ultimately, on the improvement of the patient adherence to therapy. For example, the application on nanoscale of hyalu-ronic acid and its physicochemical properties and biological functions is still under re-search to provide improvements on osteoarthritis control.
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Orientação : Catarina Pinto Reis
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MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, FARMACOLOGIA, PHARMACOLOGY, OSTEOARTRITE, OSTEOARTHRITIS, DOR, PAIN, MEDICAMENTOS, DRUGS, NANOTECNOLOGIA, NANOTECHNOLOGY, SISTEMAS DE LIBERTAÇÃO DE MEDICAMENTOS, DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS, CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES