A resiliência como fator protetor para a autoestima e o bem-estar subjetivo em idosos institucionalizados
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2015
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O envelhecimento é um processo de transformações biopsicossociais que tende a fazer diminuir a independência das pessoas e que termina frequentemente na sua institucionalização. Contudo, a adaptação a esta transformação é variável e depende da forma como é percebida. A resiliência refere-se à capacidade do ser humano responder positivamente aos acontecimentos da vida, mesmo na adversidade, o que contribui para a Autoestima e o Bem-estar Subjetivo. Nesta dissertação pretendeu-se estudar a forma como a Resiliência, enquanto fator protetor, contribui para o efeito que as Atividades Básicas da Vida Diária têm na Autoestima e no Bem-estar Subjetivo particularmente em idosos institucionalizados.
Com este objetivo aplicou-se um protocolo de avaliação constituído por dados sociodemográficos, de rastreio cognitivo através do MMSE - Mini Mental State Examination (Folsteins, Folstein & McHugh, 1975; versão adaptada por Guerreiro, Silva, Botelho, Leitão, Castro-Caldas & Garcia, 2007), a escala de avaliação de atividades básicas da vida através do Índice de Barthel (Mahoney & Barthel, 1965; versão adaptada por Araújo, Ribeiro, Oliveira & Pinto, 2007), para avaliar a escala de resiliência a The Resilience Scale, (Wagnild, & Young, 1993; versão portuguesa adaptada por Ng Deep & Pereira, 2012) a autoestima, a RSES - Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg (Rosenberg, 1965; Adaptado por Santos & Maia, 2003) e a escala de Bem-Estar Subjetivo a EBES - Escala de Bem-Estar Subjetivo (Albuquerque & Tróccoli, 2004). A amostra compreende 78 idosos institucionalizados com uma média de idades de 82,15 (DP=7,48).
Foi verificado que, mais do que as Atividades Básicas da Vida Diária, são os aspetos biopsicossociais de Resiliência que produzem efeito na Autoestima e Bem-estar Subjetivo. A Resiliência tem, portanto, um papel central na Autoestima e Bem-estar Subjetivo dos idosos pela capacidade percebida de enfrentar as suas condições de vida, sendo determinante na representação e no sentimento que têm de si próprios.
Aging is a process of biopsychosocial modifications that decreases people’s independence and leads to institutionalization. However, the way people adapt to this transformation varies and depends on the way that that’s perceived. Resilience refers to the human’s ability of responding positively to their life issues, even in adversity, which contributes to a better Self-esteem and Subjective Well-being. In this theoretical paper it’s aimed to study how the Resilience, as a protect factor, contributes to the effect that Daily Basic Life Activities have on Self-esteem and Subjective Well-being, particularly in institutionalized elderly. On this purpose it was applied an evaluation protocol consisting of sociodemographic data, cognitive screening by MMSE - Mini Mental State Examination (Folsteins, Folstein & McHugh, 1975; version adapted by Guerreiro, Silva, Botelho, Leitão, Castro-Caldas & Garcia, 2007), the scale of Daily Basic Life Activities by Barthel Index (Mahoney & Barthel, 1965; Portuguese adapted version by Araújo, Ribeiro, Oliveira & Pinto, 2007), to evaluate Resilience The Resilience Scale, (Wagnild, & Young, 1993; Portuguese version by Ng Deep & Pereira, 2012), to access the Self-esteem the RSES – Self-esteem Scale of Rosenberg (Rosenberg, 1965; adapted by Santos & Maia, 2003), the Subjective Well-Being the EBES – Subjective Well-being Scale (Albuquerque & Tróccoli, 2004). The sample comprises 78 institutionalized elderly with an average age of 82,15 (DP=7,48). It has been verified that, more than the Daily Basic Life Activities, it is the biopsychosocial aspects of Resilience that produce effects on Self-esteem and Subjective Well-being. Resilience then has an important and central role on Self-esteem and Subjective Well-being on elderly, through the perceived ability of facing their life conditions, being determinant on the representation and consciousness they have about themselves.
Aging is a process of biopsychosocial modifications that decreases people’s independence and leads to institutionalization. However, the way people adapt to this transformation varies and depends on the way that that’s perceived. Resilience refers to the human’s ability of responding positively to their life issues, even in adversity, which contributes to a better Self-esteem and Subjective Well-being. In this theoretical paper it’s aimed to study how the Resilience, as a protect factor, contributes to the effect that Daily Basic Life Activities have on Self-esteem and Subjective Well-being, particularly in institutionalized elderly. On this purpose it was applied an evaluation protocol consisting of sociodemographic data, cognitive screening by MMSE - Mini Mental State Examination (Folsteins, Folstein & McHugh, 1975; version adapted by Guerreiro, Silva, Botelho, Leitão, Castro-Caldas & Garcia, 2007), the scale of Daily Basic Life Activities by Barthel Index (Mahoney & Barthel, 1965; Portuguese adapted version by Araújo, Ribeiro, Oliveira & Pinto, 2007), to evaluate Resilience The Resilience Scale, (Wagnild, & Young, 1993; Portuguese version by Ng Deep & Pereira, 2012), to access the Self-esteem the RSES – Self-esteem Scale of Rosenberg (Rosenberg, 1965; adapted by Santos & Maia, 2003), the Subjective Well-Being the EBES – Subjective Well-being Scale (Albuquerque & Tróccoli, 2004). The sample comprises 78 institutionalized elderly with an average age of 82,15 (DP=7,48). It has been verified that, more than the Daily Basic Life Activities, it is the biopsychosocial aspects of Resilience that produce effects on Self-esteem and Subjective Well-being. Resilience then has an important and central role on Self-esteem and Subjective Well-being on elderly, through the perceived ability of facing their life conditions, being determinant on the representation and consciousness they have about themselves.
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Orientação: José de Almeida Brites
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MESTRADO EM PSICOLOGIA CLÍNICA E DA SAÚDE, PSICOLOGIA, BEM-ESTAR SUBJETIVO, ENVELHECIMENTO, IDOSOS INSTITUCIONALIZADOS, RESILIÊNCIA, AUTOESTIMA, AVALIAÇÃO PSICOLÓGICA, TESTES PSICOLÓGICOS, INDICE DE BARTHEL, RS (ESCALA...), RSES (ESCALA...), EBES, PSYCHOLOGY, SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING, AGEING, INSTITUTIONALISED ELDERLY PEOPLE, RESILIENCE, SELF-ESTEEM, PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT, MMSE (AVALIAÇAO...)