Contaminação do meio ambiente com medicamentos – consequências ambientais e na terapêutica
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Data
2019
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O aumento exponencial do consumo de produtos farmacêuticos e de produtos de higiene e cuidado pessoal a nível mundial, começou a levantar questões relacionadas com o impacto que os resíduos destas substâncias podem ter no meio ambiente, e com as consequências que representam para os diferentes ecossistemas, e para a saúde humana e animal. Por outro lado, a sua correta gestão e eliminação, também se tornou numa questão bastante discutida, e de grande importância. Após uma revisão de diversos estudos realizados ao longo das últimas décadas, constatou-se que as principais fontes de contaminação ambiental são através do consumo humano, veterinário e hospitalar, e também das indústrias de produção destes produtos, observando-se que essa contaminação tem um impacto negativo nos ecossistemas aquáticos e terrestres, nas diferentes espécies e organismos que os constituem, e na saúde humana. Para além disso, apesar dos diferentes processos de eliminação e de degradação existentes, e das entidades e programas específicos desenvolvidos para garantir uma gestão adequada dos resíduos farmacêuticos, pode-se concluir que é necessário realizar esforços para tentar reduzir as emissões destes resíduos em todas as suas fontes, e estudos que examinem o impacto que a presença a longo prazo destes resíduos representa nos diferentes ecossistemas, e do efeitos tóxicos que têm para as diferentes espécies e para a saúde humana.
The exponential growth of pharmaceuticals and personal care products consumption worldwide started to raise issues related to the impact that the waste of these substances may have on the environment and to the consequences they pose to the different ecosystems, and to human and animal health. On the other hand, the correct management and elimination of these substances has also become an issue of wide discussion, and of considerable importance. After a review of a variety of studies carried out in the last decades, it was possible to verify that the main sources of environmental contamination are through human, veterinary and hospital consumption, and from the industries that produce these products, observing that this contamination has a negative impact on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, on the different species and organisms that constitute them, and even on human health. In addition, in spite of the different processes of elimination and degradation, and of the specific entities and programs developed to ensure proper management of pharmaceutical waste, it can be concluded that further efforts are still needed to reduce emissions of this waste in all its sources, and studies that explore long-term impact of these residues on different ecosystems and the toxic effects they have on different species and on human health.
The exponential growth of pharmaceuticals and personal care products consumption worldwide started to raise issues related to the impact that the waste of these substances may have on the environment and to the consequences they pose to the different ecosystems, and to human and animal health. On the other hand, the correct management and elimination of these substances has also become an issue of wide discussion, and of considerable importance. After a review of a variety of studies carried out in the last decades, it was possible to verify that the main sources of environmental contamination are through human, veterinary and hospital consumption, and from the industries that produce these products, observing that this contamination has a negative impact on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, on the different species and organisms that constitute them, and even on human health. In addition, in spite of the different processes of elimination and degradation, and of the specific entities and programs developed to ensure proper management of pharmaceutical waste, it can be concluded that further efforts are still needed to reduce emissions of this waste in all its sources, and studies that explore long-term impact of these residues on different ecosystems and the toxic effects they have on different species and on human health.
Descrição
Orientação: Amílcar Roberto
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, PRODUTOS FARMACÊUTICOS, MEDICAMENTOS, CONTAMINAÇÃO, MEIO AMBIENTE, SAÚDE ANIMAL, SAÚDE, PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS, DRUGS, CONTAMINATION, ENVIRONMENT, ANIMAL HEALTH, HEALTH