Estudo sobre o papel da funçao cognitiva nos resultados de um treino de relaxamento progressivo de jacobson em pacientes com esquizofrenia com sintomas de ansiedade
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2017
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A esquizofrenia é uma doença mental crónica e incapacitante, sendo a deterioração cognitiva um dos aspetos mais salientes no perfil sintomatológico e clinico da doença, comprometendo o funcionamento psicossocial, a qualidade de vida e os tratamentos.
Estima-se que 60% dos indivíduos com esta patologia, sobretudo em estado agudo, apresentam concomitantemente ansiedade o que agrava os sintomas característicos da doença, pelo que tem havido um interesse crescente em avaliar abordagens complementares aos psicofármacos cuja eficácia reforce-se mutuamente.
É neste contexto que surge o presente estudo cujo objetivo é demonstrar a eficácia da Terapia de Relaxamento Muscular Progressivo de Jacobson na redução de sintomas de ansiedade em indivíduos com esquizofrenia em estado agudo tendo em conta o papel da cognição. Para o efeito foi utilizado o Inventario de Ansiedade de Beck (para avaliar os sintomas de ansiedade) e a Bateria de Avaliação Cognitiva Breve (para avaliar o funcionamento cognitivo), juntamente com a medição de parâmetros psicofisiológicos relacionados com ansiedade (batimento cardíaco e pressão arterial) a dois grupos de indivíduos com esquizofrenia (grupo clínico e grupo de controlo), em internamento de agudos, num total de 14 indivíduos.
Os resultados evidenciaram uma diferença significativa entre os indivíduos que beneficiarem da técnica e controlos, sugerindo benefícios desta modalidade como terapêutica complementar aos psicofármacos no alívio de sintomas de ansiedade, no entanto, não demonstrando uma influência da função cognitiva nos resultados alcançados.
Assim, se é consensual que a deterioração cognitiva presente na esquizofrenia influencia as respostas aos tratamentos implementados, no que diz respeito à TRMP verificou-se que a técnica não foi sensível à influência do desempenho cognitivo individual, mostrando benefícios na redução dos sintomas de ansiedade independentemente do nível cognitivo.
Os resultados sugerem, ainda, uma correlação entre os níveis de ansiedade e o nível cognitivo de cada individuo com esquizofrenia.
Schizophrenia is a chronic and incapacitating mental illness, with cognitive deterioration being one of the most salient aspects in the symptom and clinical profile of the disease, compromising psychosocial functioning, quality of life and treatments. It is estimated that 60% of individuals with this pathology, especially in an acute state, concomitantly present anxiety which exacerbates the characteristic symptoms of the disease, and there has been an increasing interest in evaluating complementary approaches to psychotropic drugs whose effectiveness is mutually reinforcing. It is in this context that the present study aims to demonstrate the efficacy of Jacobson's Progressive Muscle Relaxation Therapy in reducing anxiety symptoms in individuals with acute schizophrenia taking into account the role of cognition. Beck's Anxiety Inventory (to assess anxiety symptoms) and the Brief Cognitive Assessment Battery (to assess cognitive functioning) were used along with the measurement of psychophysiological parameters related to anxiety (heart rate and blood pressure) to two groups of individuals with schizophrenia (clinical group and control group), in acute hospitalization, in a total of 14 individuals. The results evidenced a significant difference between the individuals who benefit from the technique and controls, suggesting benefits of this modality as complementary therapy to psychotropic drugs in the relief of anxiety symptoms, however, not demonstrating an influence of cognitive function on the results achieved. Thus, if it is consensual that the cognitive deterioration present in schizophrenia influences the responses to the implemented treatments, with respect to the TRMP, it was verified that the technique was not sensitive to the influence of the individual cognitive performance, showing benefits in the reduction of the anxiety symptoms The results also suggest a correlation between the levels of anxiety and the cognitive level of each individual with schizophrenia.
Schizophrenia is a chronic and incapacitating mental illness, with cognitive deterioration being one of the most salient aspects in the symptom and clinical profile of the disease, compromising psychosocial functioning, quality of life and treatments. It is estimated that 60% of individuals with this pathology, especially in an acute state, concomitantly present anxiety which exacerbates the characteristic symptoms of the disease, and there has been an increasing interest in evaluating complementary approaches to psychotropic drugs whose effectiveness is mutually reinforcing. It is in this context that the present study aims to demonstrate the efficacy of Jacobson's Progressive Muscle Relaxation Therapy in reducing anxiety symptoms in individuals with acute schizophrenia taking into account the role of cognition. Beck's Anxiety Inventory (to assess anxiety symptoms) and the Brief Cognitive Assessment Battery (to assess cognitive functioning) were used along with the measurement of psychophysiological parameters related to anxiety (heart rate and blood pressure) to two groups of individuals with schizophrenia (clinical group and control group), in acute hospitalization, in a total of 14 individuals. The results evidenced a significant difference between the individuals who benefit from the technique and controls, suggesting benefits of this modality as complementary therapy to psychotropic drugs in the relief of anxiety symptoms, however, not demonstrating an influence of cognitive function on the results achieved. Thus, if it is consensual that the cognitive deterioration present in schizophrenia influences the responses to the implemented treatments, with respect to the TRMP, it was verified that the technique was not sensitive to the influence of the individual cognitive performance, showing benefits in the reduction of the anxiety symptoms The results also suggest a correlation between the levels of anxiety and the cognitive level of each individual with schizophrenia.
Descrição
Orientação: Paulo
Lopes; co-orientação: Jorge Oliveira
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM NEUROPSICOLOGIA APLICADA, NEUROPSICOLOGIA, ESQUIZOFRENIA, ANSIEDADE, DEPRESSÃO, COGNIÇÃO, TERAPIAS, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, SCHIZOPHRENIA, ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, COGNITION, THERAPIES