Relatório final de estágio : equipa de futebol sub-13 do Sporting Clube Portugal - época 2018/2019
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2020
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A preparação desportiva dos jovens é hoje considerada uma das principais razões de futuros êxitos ou abandonos extemporâneos da prática desportiva, consoante os responsáveis pela intervenção nessa área de prática fomentem, ou não, uma especialização precoce (Araújo, 2009).
A realização deste relatório teve lugar durante o estágio em futebol, na equipa de Infantis A - sub-13 - do Sporting Clube de Portugal, durante a época desportiva 2018/2019. O estágio teve um grau de desafio muito grande, no que à prática diz respeito, pois foi realizado enquanto Treinador Adjunto Principal da equipa, o que implicava ser Treinador Principal na competição.
A equipa esteve inserida em diversas competições, nomeadamente no campeonato distrital C1 sub-14 da Associação de Futebol de Lisboa, e em vários torneios nacionais e internacionais.
O modelo de jogo da equipa assentou em grandes princípios ofensivos como o controlo do jogo em posse de bola, e defensivos como a recuperação rápida da posse da mesma. Para cada princípio existiram vários subprincípios que conferiram uma modelação do jogo da equipa comum a todos.
O modelo de treino foi pensado segundo a abordagem baseada nos constrangimentos, onde as informações do contexto suportam as ações dos atletas (Davids et al., 2004; Davids et al., 2005). O treino foi dividido em mesociclos, pensados num processo cíclico de aprendizagem, desenvolvimento, consolidação e avaliação. Foram realizados seis mesociclos, onde o foco foi sobretudo em métodos específicos de preparação, sobretudo em contexto de jogo.
O estágio permitiu vivenciar diversas experiências em treino e competição, seja enquanto treinador adjunto, seja como treinador principal, que permitiram uma reflexão sobre a atenção despendida a cada atleta e as oportunidades dadas a cada um, que deverá ser ponto de partida para ações a tomar em épocas seguintes.
Foi realizado um estudo com revisão bibliográfica para perceber o efeito da idade relativa na equipa onde foi realizado este estágio. Crianças da mesma idade cronológica apresentam diferentes níveis cognitivos, físicos e emocionais (Malina, 1994). Para além disto, um jogador que tenha nascido em Janeiro, terá outro tipo de experiência de prática do que outro nascido em Dezembro, que jogue no mesmo escalão (Helsen, Winckel & Williams, 2005). Os resultados demonstraram que foram recrutados para a equipa mais jogadores de primeiro semestre e que estes disputaram mais jogos pela equipa A, em comparação com os jogadores de segundo semestre. A maioria dos jogadores do segundo semestre foram dispensados do clube no final da época.
The sports preparation of youngsters is considered nowadays one of the main reasons for future success or extemporaneous dropout in the sports practice, depending if who is responsible for the intervention in this area of practice foment, or not, an early specialization (Araújo, 2009). The realization of this report took place during the football internship, at the Sporting Clube de Portugal under-13 team, in the 2018/2019 season. This internship had a high level of challenge when it comes to practice, due to being carried out as the first assistant coach, which implied being a head coach in the competition. The team played various competitions such as the district championship C1 U-14 from the Lisbon Football Association, and diverse national and international tournaments. The game model was based on offensive big principles as the control of the game by possession, and defensive big principles as the quick recovery of the ball possession. For each principle there were various sub-principles that gave a modulation of the game common to everyone. The training model was adjusted to the Constraint Based Approach, where the athletes actions are supported by the information of the environment (Davids et al., 2004; Davids et al., 2005). The training was divided in mesocycles that were built in a cyclic process of learning, development, consolidation and evaluation. Six mesocycles where performed, which the focus was on specific preparation training mediums, mostly on game context. The internship allowed to experience several experiences in training and competition, either as assistant coach or as head coach, which allowed a reflection on the attention that is given to each athlete and the opportunities conceded to each one, that should be starting points for actions to take in following seasons. A study was made with literature review to realize the real age effect problem on the team where the internship was done. Children with the same chronologic age show different cognitive, physical and emotional levels (Malina, 1994). Furthermore, a player who was born in January will have different experience than another born in December that plays in the same age group (Helsen, Winckel & Williams, 2005). The results show that were recruited more players from the first semester to the team and that they played more often in the A team, in comparison with the players from the second semester. Most of the players that were born in the second semester were cut loose from the club in the end of the season.
The sports preparation of youngsters is considered nowadays one of the main reasons for future success or extemporaneous dropout in the sports practice, depending if who is responsible for the intervention in this area of practice foment, or not, an early specialization (Araújo, 2009). The realization of this report took place during the football internship, at the Sporting Clube de Portugal under-13 team, in the 2018/2019 season. This internship had a high level of challenge when it comes to practice, due to being carried out as the first assistant coach, which implied being a head coach in the competition. The team played various competitions such as the district championship C1 U-14 from the Lisbon Football Association, and diverse national and international tournaments. The game model was based on offensive big principles as the control of the game by possession, and defensive big principles as the quick recovery of the ball possession. For each principle there were various sub-principles that gave a modulation of the game common to everyone. The training model was adjusted to the Constraint Based Approach, where the athletes actions are supported by the information of the environment (Davids et al., 2004; Davids et al., 2005). The training was divided in mesocycles that were built in a cyclic process of learning, development, consolidation and evaluation. Six mesocycles where performed, which the focus was on specific preparation training mediums, mostly on game context. The internship allowed to experience several experiences in training and competition, either as assistant coach or as head coach, which allowed a reflection on the attention that is given to each athlete and the opportunities conceded to each one, that should be starting points for actions to take in following seasons. A study was made with literature review to realize the real age effect problem on the team where the internship was done. Children with the same chronologic age show different cognitive, physical and emotional levels (Malina, 1994). Furthermore, a player who was born in January will have different experience than another born in December that plays in the same age group (Helsen, Winckel & Williams, 2005). The results show that were recruited more players from the first semester to the team and that they played more often in the A team, in comparison with the players from the second semester. Most of the players that were born in the second semester were cut loose from the club in the end of the season.
Descrição
Orientação: Paulo Jorge Rodrigues Cunha ; co-orientação:
Alexandre Manuel Correia da Silva
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM TREINO DESPORTIVO, DESPORTO, EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA, FUTEBOL, FORMAÇÃO, METODOLOGIAS DO TREINO DESPORTIVO, TREINO DESPORTIVO, TREINO EM FUTEBOL, COMPETIÇÃO, SPORT, PHYSICAL EDUCATION, FOOTBALL, TRAINING, SPORTS COACHING METHODOLOGIES, SPORTS COACHING, FOOTBALL COACHING, COMPETITION