Análise comparativa do modelo de negócio das companhias aéreas legacy vs low-cost : um estudo empírico aplicado à TAP Air Portugal e Easyjet
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Data
2019
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Esta dissertação de mestrado apresenta um estudo que tem como objetivo analisar o modelo de negócio das companhias aéreas legacy e low-cost, desde as várias componentes que compõem a estrutura base das mesmas (gestão das aeronaves, tripulações, etc.), até às principais vertentes que regem o setor do transporte aéreo internacional (procura, oferta, concorrência, entre outros), aplicando como principal fonte de dados e informação, os resultados auferidos pela TAP Air Portugal e easyJet.
Em termos da metodologia implementada, esta baseia-se essencialmente na aplicação de entrevistas (a dois profissionais do setor aeronáutico) e questionários (dando a conhecer a importância dada a certos fatores de escolha ao voar em determinada companhia aérea, do ponto de vista do passageiro comum), complementando a investigação com a utilização de ferramentas como o Estudo de Caso, a Análise Estatística e a Análise das Hipóteses Concorrentes.
Relativamente à sua planificação, esta dissertação encontra-se delineada em oito capítulos, em que o primeiro se encontra dedicado à parte introdutória da mesma, do segundo ao quinto capítulo, é feita a revisão do estado da arte abordando tópicos relacionados com a gestão e estrutura de uma companhia aérea, a diferença entre os dois modelos de negócio abordados, a análise da regulação económica no transporte aéreo, entre outros. Os últimos três capítulos, abordam a metodologia de investigação utilizada, a análise dos dados recolhidos mediante a pesquisa implementada e as principais conclusões retiradas, respetivamente.
Após a resolução do estudo, os principais resultados obtidos reiteram um possível equilíbrio (e até uma aproximação) entre os dois modelos de negócio abordados, num futuro próximo, sendo que a probabilidade de sucesso de determinada companhia aérea encontra-se bastante associada à capacidade da mesma em fornecer um serviço que possua o maior benefício em termos de qualidade vs preço, para o passageiro, mantendo os padrões de segurança o mais alto possível.
This master's dissertation presents a study that aims to analyze the business model of legacy and low-cost airlines, from the various components that make up their base structure (aircraft management, crew, etc.), to the main ones governing the international air transport sector (demand, supply, competition, among others), applying as its main source of data and information, the results obtained by TAP Air Portugal and easyJet. In terms of the methodology implemented, it is based essentially on the application of interviews (to two aeronautical professionals) and questionnaires (making known the importance given to certain factors of choice in flying in a particular airline, from the passenger point of view), complementing the research with the use of tools such as Case Study, Statistical Analysis and Concurrent Hypothesis Analysis. Regarding its planning, this dissertation is delineated in eight chapters, in which the first one is devoted to the introductory part of it, from the second to the fifth chapter, a review of the state of the art covering topics related to management and structure of an airline, the difference between the two business models addressed, the analysis of economic regulation in air transport, among others. The last three chapters cover the research methodology used, the analysis of the data collected through the research implemented and the main conclusions drawn, respectively. After the resolution of the study, the main results obtained reiterate a possible balance (and even an approximation) between the two business models approached, in the near future, and the probability of success of a particular airline is closely associated with the capacity of providing a service that has the greatest benefit in terms of quality vs. price, to the passenger, while maintaining safety standards as high as possible.
This master's dissertation presents a study that aims to analyze the business model of legacy and low-cost airlines, from the various components that make up their base structure (aircraft management, crew, etc.), to the main ones governing the international air transport sector (demand, supply, competition, among others), applying as its main source of data and information, the results obtained by TAP Air Portugal and easyJet. In terms of the methodology implemented, it is based essentially on the application of interviews (to two aeronautical professionals) and questionnaires (making known the importance given to certain factors of choice in flying in a particular airline, from the passenger point of view), complementing the research with the use of tools such as Case Study, Statistical Analysis and Concurrent Hypothesis Analysis. Regarding its planning, this dissertation is delineated in eight chapters, in which the first one is devoted to the introductory part of it, from the second to the fifth chapter, a review of the state of the art covering topics related to management and structure of an airline, the difference between the two business models addressed, the analysis of economic regulation in air transport, among others. The last three chapters cover the research methodology used, the analysis of the data collected through the research implemented and the main conclusions drawn, respectively. After the resolution of the study, the main results obtained reiterate a possible balance (and even an approximation) between the two business models approached, in the near future, and the probability of success of a particular airline is closely associated with the capacity of providing a service that has the greatest benefit in terms of quality vs. price, to the passenger, while maintaining safety standards as high as possible.
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Orientação: José Manuel Ivo Carvalho Vicente
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM GESTÃO AERONÁUTICA, AERONÁUTICA, GESTÃO AERONÁUTICA, COMPANHIAS AÉREAS, TRANSPORTES AÉREOS, GESTÃO, GESTÃO DE EMPRESAS, AERONAUTICS, AVIATION MANAGEMENT, AIRLINES, AIR TRANSPORT, MANAGEMENT, BUSINESS MANAGEMENT, MODELOS DE NEGÓCIO, BUSINESS MODELS