Reflexão sobre a estrutura como forma arquitectónica: Los Manantiales de Félix Candela
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2022
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No meio natural, a estrutura é considerada como o corpo rígido que permite a sustentação e definição da forma. Por sua vez na arquitectura, apesar do processo construtivo por vezes ser separado entre o arquitecto e o engenheiro, o processo de design formal é simultaneamente um processo de design estrutural. Por outras palavras, a concepção estrutural surge como indissociável da concepção formal.
Atualmente, nota-se um aumento no interesse dos arquitetos contemporâneos pela otimização estrutural dos projetos. Com base nesse interesse, a dissertação foca-se na relação entre a estrutura e a forma, e como essa confluência é depois representada no meio arquitetônico. Visto isso, o tema de interesse foi abordado através da análise num conjunto de sistemas de forma ou superfície-ativa que representam exemplos práticos dessa relação na arquitetura.
Deste modo, a temática do trabalho desenvolve análises da relação entre a estrutura e forma em diferentes contextos, enquanto os sistemas estruturais de forma ou superfície-ativa são estudados através do caso de estudo do restaurante Los Manantiales de Félix Candela.
Como conclusão desta dissertação sugere-se que sistemas que unem a estrutura à forma respondem a um conjunto de questões da sociedade contemporânea, permitindo assim a redução do uso materiais impactantes no ambiente, a criação de espaços adaptáveis, o desenvolvimento de construções rápidas e económicas, e ainda, a conceção de formas visualmente interessantes.
Palavras-chave: Estrutura, Sistema de Superfície-ativa, Restaurante Los Manantiales, Félix Candela
In the environment, structure is considered to be the rigid body that supports and defines the form. Hence, although the construction work is often divided between the architect and the engineer, the process of designing a form is simultaneously structural design. In other words, structural design is inseparable from shape design. At the moment, there is an increased interest towards structural optimization by contemporary architects. Due to this interest, this dissertation focuses on the relationship between structure and form, as well as how this confluence is represented in the building environment. In order to address this topic, the dissertation centers around form and surface-active shapes because they represent the intersection between structure and form in architecture. Therefore, this dissertation analyzes the relationship between structure and form through different contexts, while the subject of form-ative shapes is primarily addressed through examples, and an analysis of the Restaurant Los Manantiales made by Félix Candela. At the end of this work, it is suggested that systems that merge the structure with the form development provide a range of benefits for the contemporary society, as they help to reduce the use of harmful material in the environment, allow for the creation of adaptable spaces, the manufacture of fast and economic constructions, and also, the design of visually interesting shapes. Keywords: Structure, Surface-active Structures, Restaurant Los Manantiales, Félix Candela
In the environment, structure is considered to be the rigid body that supports and defines the form. Hence, although the construction work is often divided between the architect and the engineer, the process of designing a form is simultaneously structural design. In other words, structural design is inseparable from shape design. At the moment, there is an increased interest towards structural optimization by contemporary architects. Due to this interest, this dissertation focuses on the relationship between structure and form, as well as how this confluence is represented in the building environment. In order to address this topic, the dissertation centers around form and surface-active shapes because they represent the intersection between structure and form in architecture. Therefore, this dissertation analyzes the relationship between structure and form through different contexts, while the subject of form-ative shapes is primarily addressed through examples, and an analysis of the Restaurant Los Manantiales made by Félix Candela. At the end of this work, it is suggested that systems that merge the structure with the form development provide a range of benefits for the contemporary society, as they help to reduce the use of harmful material in the environment, allow for the creation of adaptable spaces, the manufacture of fast and economic constructions, and also, the design of visually interesting shapes. Keywords: Structure, Surface-active Structures, Restaurant Los Manantiales, Félix Candela
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Orientação: Isabel Clara Neves da Rocha Marques
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM ARQUITETURA, ARQUITETURA, ARCHITECTURE, ESTRUTURAS, STRUCTURES, FORMAS ARQUITETÓNICAS, ARCHITECTURAL SHAPES