Relação entre as experiências adversas na infância e a qualidade de vida
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Date
2023
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Abstract
Objetivos: Existe muita literatura acerca de experiências adversas na infância (EAI) e as
consequências físicas e psicológicas, mas a maior parte da evidência tem sido obtida em
amostras com adultos. Escasseiam estudos com amostras de adolescentes e que tenham
estudado a qualidade de vida. Nesse sentido, este estudo procurou avaliar 10 EAI, e explorar
a relação de cada uma na qualidade de vida. Método: A amostra foi composta por 189
participantes, com uma média de 16 anos de idade (DP = 1.23), variando entre os 13 e os 18
anos. Relativamente ao sexo, 95 era do sexo feminino e 94 era do sexo masculino.
Resultados: De modo a perceber quais as experiências adversas que eram correlacionadas
com a qualidade de vida, recorreu-se à utilização do programa SPSS, versão 28, em que os
resultados demonstraram que das 10 EAI, apenas cinco foram estatisticamente
significativas: abuso emocional (r = .36, p = .036), abuso sexual (r = .247, p < .002),
negligência emocional (r = .251, p < .002), violência doméstica (r = .205, p < .001) e
perturbação mental ou suicídio de familiares a viver com o adolescente (r=.282, p < .001).
Através da análise de regressão, que incluiu estas 5 EAI como preditores, os resultados
demonstraram que apenas a Perturbação Mental ou Suicídio no Ambiente Familiar foi
preditor da qualidade de vida, ou seja, a pontuação nesta adversidade foi associada a menor
qualidade de vida (β = .247, t = 3.247 = 7.129). Conclusões: O estudo permitiu identificar
que existe uma relação entre as experiências adversas na infância e a qualidade de vida em
adolescentes. São discutidas as implicações da relação entre a perturbação mental ou suicídio
de familiares a viver com o adolescente com a qualidade de vida, sugerindo-se algumas
medidas de atuação para profissionais que trabalham em justiça juvenil e proteção de
crianças e jovens.
Palavras-Chave: adolescentes; adversidade; qualidade de vida
Objectives: There is a large literature on adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and the physical and psychological consequences, but most of the evidence has been obtained in samples with adults. Studies with samples of adolescents and that have studied the quality of life are scarce. In this sense, this study sought to evaluate 10 ACEs, and explore the effects of each one in relation to quality of life. Method: The sample consisted of 189 participants, with a mean age of 16 years (SD = 1.23), ranging between 13 and 18 years. Regarding gender, 95 were female and 94 were male. Results: In order to understand which adverse experiences were correlated with quality of life, we used the SPSS program, version 28, in which the results showed that of the 10 ACEs, only five were statistically significant: emotional abuse (r =. 36, p = .036), sexual abuse (r = .247, p =.002), emotional neglect (r=.251, p=.002), domestic violence (r=.205, p < .001) and mental disorder or suicide of family members living with the adolescent (r=.282, p < .001). Using a regression analysis, including the five ACE as predictors, the results showed that only Mental Disorder or Suicide in the Family Environment was a significant predictor of quality of life, that is, the score in this adversity was associated with lower quality of life (β = .247, t = 3.247 = 7.129). Conclusions: This study showed that there is a relationship between ACE and quality of life in adolescents. The implications of the relationship between the mental disorder or suicide of family members living with the adolescent and the quality of life are further discussed, suggesting some action measures for professionals working in juvenile justice and protection of children and young people. Keywords: adolescents, adversity, quality of life
Objectives: There is a large literature on adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and the physical and psychological consequences, but most of the evidence has been obtained in samples with adults. Studies with samples of adolescents and that have studied the quality of life are scarce. In this sense, this study sought to evaluate 10 ACEs, and explore the effects of each one in relation to quality of life. Method: The sample consisted of 189 participants, with a mean age of 16 years (SD = 1.23), ranging between 13 and 18 years. Regarding gender, 95 were female and 94 were male. Results: In order to understand which adverse experiences were correlated with quality of life, we used the SPSS program, version 28, in which the results showed that of the 10 ACEs, only five were statistically significant: emotional abuse (r =. 36, p = .036), sexual abuse (r = .247, p =.002), emotional neglect (r=.251, p=.002), domestic violence (r=.205, p < .001) and mental disorder or suicide of family members living with the adolescent (r=.282, p < .001). Using a regression analysis, including the five ACE as predictors, the results showed that only Mental Disorder or Suicide in the Family Environment was a significant predictor of quality of life, that is, the score in this adversity was associated with lower quality of life (β = .247, t = 3.247 = 7.129). Conclusions: This study showed that there is a relationship between ACE and quality of life in adolescents. The implications of the relationship between the mental disorder or suicide of family members living with the adolescent and the quality of life are further discussed, suggesting some action measures for professionals working in juvenile justice and protection of children and young people. Keywords: adolescents, adversity, quality of life
Description
Orientação. Ricardo Pinto
Keywords
MESTRADO EM JUSTIÇA JUVENIL E PROTEÇÃO DE CRIANÇAS E JOVENS EM PERIGO, PSICOLOGIA, PSYCHOLOGY, ADOLESCENTES, ADOLESCENTS, QUALIDADE DE VIDA, QUALITY OF LIFE, ADVERSIDADE, ADVERSITY, INFÂNCIA, CHILDHOOD