Associação da atividade física, comportamento sedentário, e quantidade do sono, com a qualidade de vida e o bemestar em adultos em processo de manutenção de perda de peso: análise de dados do projeto NoHoW
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2023
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Objetivo: Esta dissertação inclui dois estudos, o primeiro teve como objetivo recolher
informação de estudos que investigassem a associação entre atividade física, comportamento
sedentário, sono e bem-estar e qualidade de vida em adultos saudáveis fazendo uma revisão
rápida e sistemática da literatura. O segundo investigou essa associação através de um estudo
observacional transversal baseado no projeto NoHoW.
Método: A revisão rápida e sistemática da literatura incluiu apenas estudos em língua inglesa,
tendo usado uma base de dados, a PubMed. Após aplicarmos os critérios de pesquisa e seleção,
foram selecionados para esta revisão, seis estudos. Todos à exceção de um, eram transversais,
com uma amostra total de 18971. O segundo estudo é do tipo observacional transversal. Foram
usados os dados do baseline de 612 participantes. Baseia-se na recolha de dados de indivíduos
que participaram no Navigating to a Healthy Weight (NoHoW), um estudo do tipo aleatório
controlado que envolveu três países europeus, Portugal, Dinamarca e Reino Unido. A medição
da atividade física, comportamento sedentário e sono, foi feita em ambiente natural 24 horas
por dia, durante 14 dias, recorrendo a uma FitBit charge 2. Para a medição do bem-estar usámos
a Warwick-Edinburgh Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS) e para a qualidade de vida a EQ-5D de
cinco níveis (EQ-5D-5L).
Resultados: No que diz respeito à revisão rápida e sistemática da literatura, todos os estudos
encontraram uma associação positiva significativa entre atividade física e bem-estar ou
qualidade de vida. Em relação ao comportamento sedentário, todos os estudos que investigaram
a associação com a qualidade de vida, encontraram uma associação negativa, no caso dos que
estudaram o bem-estar apenas um encontrou essa associação. Por último no que diz respeito ao
sono, apenas um dos seis estudos analisados encontrou uma associação, positiva e com o bem estar. No segundo estudo, observámos uma associação positiva significativa entre atividade
física leve e qualidade de vida, embora o mesmo não tenha acontecido para a atividade física
moderada a vigorosa. No caso do comportamento sedentário, verificou-se que mais
comportamento sedentário estava associado a uma menor qualidade de vida. Não se observaram
associações entre sono e qualidade de vida. No caso do bem-estar não se verificou nenhuma
associação com a atividade física, comportamento sedentário e sono.
Conclusão: A qualidade de vida parece ser, dos dois construtos estudados, o que apresenta
mais associações com as componentes do movimento, tanto na revisão sistemática como no
nosso estudo. O bem-estar, talvez por ser um construto que pode estar associado a tantos fatores que estão para além da esfera da atividade física, comportamento sedentário e sono, revelou em
geral uma fraca associação com essas variáveis.
Palavras-chave: Atividade física, comportamento sedentário, sono, bem-estar, qualidade de
vida.
Objective: This dissertation includes two studies, the first aimed to collect information from studies that investigated the association between physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep and well-being and quality of life in healthy adults, making a rapid and systematic review of the literature. The second investigated this association through a cross-sectional observational study based on the NoHoW project. Method: The rapid and systematic review of the literature included only studies in the English language, using a database, PubMed. After applying the search and selection criteria, six studies were selected for this review. Five were cross-sectional and one was prospective, with a total sample of 18971. The second study is of the cross-sectional observational type. Baseline data from 612 participants were used. It is based on data from individuals who participated in Navigating to a Healthy Weight (NoHoW), a randomized controlled study involving three European countries, Portugal, Denmark, and the United Kingdom. Physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep were measured in a natural environment 24 hours a day, for 14 days, using a FitBit charge 2. To measure well-being, we used the Warwick-Edinburgh Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS ) and for quality of life the five-level EQ-5D (EQ-5D-5L). Results: With regard to the rapid and systematic review of the literature, all studies found a significant positive association between physical activity and well-being or quality of life. Regarding sedentary behavior, all studies that investigated the association with quality of life found a negative association, in the case of those that studied well-being, only one found this association. Finally, regarding sleep, only one of the six studies analyzed found a positive association with well-being. In the second study, we observed a significant positive association between light physical activity and quality of life, although the same did not happen for moderate to vigorous physical activity. In the case of sedentary behavior, it was found that more sedentary behavior was associated with a lower quality of life. No associations were observed between sleep and quality of life. In the case of well-being, there was no association with physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep. Conclusion: Quality of life seems to be, of the two constructs studied, the one which presents more associations with the components of movement, both in the systematic review and in our study. Well-being, perhaps because it is a construct that is influenced by so many factors that are beyond the sphere of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep, generally revealed a weak association with these variables. Keywords: Physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep, well-being, quality of life .
Objective: This dissertation includes two studies, the first aimed to collect information from studies that investigated the association between physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep and well-being and quality of life in healthy adults, making a rapid and systematic review of the literature. The second investigated this association through a cross-sectional observational study based on the NoHoW project. Method: The rapid and systematic review of the literature included only studies in the English language, using a database, PubMed. After applying the search and selection criteria, six studies were selected for this review. Five were cross-sectional and one was prospective, with a total sample of 18971. The second study is of the cross-sectional observational type. Baseline data from 612 participants were used. It is based on data from individuals who participated in Navigating to a Healthy Weight (NoHoW), a randomized controlled study involving three European countries, Portugal, Denmark, and the United Kingdom. Physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep were measured in a natural environment 24 hours a day, for 14 days, using a FitBit charge 2. To measure well-being, we used the Warwick-Edinburgh Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS ) and for quality of life the five-level EQ-5D (EQ-5D-5L). Results: With regard to the rapid and systematic review of the literature, all studies found a significant positive association between physical activity and well-being or quality of life. Regarding sedentary behavior, all studies that investigated the association with quality of life found a negative association, in the case of those that studied well-being, only one found this association. Finally, regarding sleep, only one of the six studies analyzed found a positive association with well-being. In the second study, we observed a significant positive association between light physical activity and quality of life, although the same did not happen for moderate to vigorous physical activity. In the case of sedentary behavior, it was found that more sedentary behavior was associated with a lower quality of life. No associations were observed between sleep and quality of life. In the case of well-being, there was no association with physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep. Conclusion: Quality of life seems to be, of the two constructs studied, the one which presents more associations with the components of movement, both in the systematic review and in our study. Well-being, perhaps because it is a construct that is influenced by so many factors that are beyond the sphere of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep, generally revealed a weak association with these variables. Keywords: Physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep, well-being, quality of life .
Descrição
Orientação: António João Labisa da Silva Palmeira
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM EXERCÍCIO E BEM-ESTAR, DESPORTO, SPORT, EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA, PHYSICAL EDUCATION, ATIVIDADE FÍSICA, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, SEDENTARISMO, SEDENTARINESS, SONO, SLEEP, BEM-ESTAR, WELL-BEING, QUALIDADE DE VIDA, QUALITY OF LIFE, PERDA DE PESO, WEIGHT LOSS