Avaliação do contributo do farmacêutico nos autocuidados e prevenção do pé diabético
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2017
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A diabetes mellitus (DM) é uma patologia crónica, com diversas complicações associadas. Estima-se a existência de 422 milhões de pessoas diabéticas em todo o mundo. Em Portugal, cerca de um terço dos diabéticos ainda não estão diagnosticados. O diagnóstico tardio ou até mesmo desconhecido aumenta o risco de complicações associadas à patologia.
A prática farmacêutica tem evoluído progressivamente ao longo dos anos, de forma a centrar-se cada vez mais no doente. A prestação de cuidados farmacêuticos na diabetes revela-se importante na educação terapêutica do doente, por forma a melhorar os seus conhecimentos, a autoeficácia e autodeterminação perante os autocuidados na DM.
O presente trabalho, tem por objetivo a caraterização de utentes diabéticos de farmácias da região de Lisboa, avaliando o contributo do farmacêutico nos autocuidados e prevenção do Pé Diabético. Assim, recorreu-se a um estudo observacional analítico transversal, com recurso a um questionário onde foram estudadas variáveis categóricas e quantitativas e o respetivo impacto do contributo do farmacêutico nos autocuidados. A amostra foi aleatória e de conveniência, tendo sido realizados 70 questionários. Para a análise estatística, recorreu-se ao software IBM SPSS versão 24.0 (IBM Corporation, New York, USA).
Os resultados obtidos no presente estudo revelaram que 98,6% da amostra considera que os conselhos do farmacêutico podem ser importantes para o ajudar a evitar a ter lesões no pé. Constatou-se também que existia uma associação com significância estatística (p < 0,05) da existência de lesões do pé diabético com as habilitações académicas, o tempo de diagnóstico da diabetes, o tratamento e o tempo de tratamento.
Neste contexto parece relevante salientar a importância que a farmácia comunitária e os farmacêuticos podem desempenhar. As farmácias podem e devem de facto contribuir efetivamente com os restantes profissionais de saúde para alertar os doentes diabéticos para os autocuidados a ter com a doença de modo a prevenir as complicações associadas, nomeadamente o pé diabético.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic pathology with several complications associated. There are an estimated 422 million people with diabetes worldwide. In Portugal, about one-third of diabetics are still undiagnosed. Late or even unknown diagnosis increases the risk of associated complications. Pharmaceutical practice has gradually progressed over the years to focus on the patient. The provision of pharmaceutical care in diabetes proves to be important in the therapeutic education of the patient, to improve their knowledge, self-efficacy and self-determination before self-care in DM. The objective of this study was to characterize diabetic patients of pharmacies in the Lisbon region, evaluating the contribution of the pharmacist in self-care and prevention of Diabetic Foot. Thus, a cross-sectional observational study was performed using a questionnaire where qualitative and quantitative variables were studied and the respective impact of the pharmacist's contribution on self-care. 70 questionnaires were performed with a sample that was random and convenience. For statistical analysis, we used IBM SPSS software version 24.0 (IBM Corporation, New York, USA). The results obtained in the present study revealed that 98,6% of the sample considered that the advice of the pharmacist may be important to help and avoid foot injuries. It was also found that there was an association with statistical significance (p <0,05) of the presence of diabetic foot lesions with academic qualifications, diabetes diagnosis time, treatment and treatment time. In this context, it is important to emphasis the importance that Community pharmacy and pharmacists can play. Pharmacies can and should, effectively contribute with other health professionals to alert diabetic patients to self-care and treat the disease in order to prevent associated complications, such as diabetic foot.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic pathology with several complications associated. There are an estimated 422 million people with diabetes worldwide. In Portugal, about one-third of diabetics are still undiagnosed. Late or even unknown diagnosis increases the risk of associated complications. Pharmaceutical practice has gradually progressed over the years to focus on the patient. The provision of pharmaceutical care in diabetes proves to be important in the therapeutic education of the patient, to improve their knowledge, self-efficacy and self-determination before self-care in DM. The objective of this study was to characterize diabetic patients of pharmacies in the Lisbon region, evaluating the contribution of the pharmacist in self-care and prevention of Diabetic Foot. Thus, a cross-sectional observational study was performed using a questionnaire where qualitative and quantitative variables were studied and the respective impact of the pharmacist's contribution on self-care. 70 questionnaires were performed with a sample that was random and convenience. For statistical analysis, we used IBM SPSS software version 24.0 (IBM Corporation, New York, USA). The results obtained in the present study revealed that 98,6% of the sample considered that the advice of the pharmacist may be important to help and avoid foot injuries. It was also found that there was an association with statistical significance (p <0,05) of the presence of diabetic foot lesions with academic qualifications, diabetes diagnosis time, treatment and treatment time. In this context, it is important to emphasis the importance that Community pharmacy and pharmacists can play. Pharmacies can and should, effectively contribute with other health professionals to alert diabetic patients to self-care and treat the disease in order to prevent associated complications, such as diabetic foot.
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Orientação: Luís
Monteiro Rodrigues ; co-orientação: Maria Manuela Teixeira
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, DIABETES, CUIDADOS FARMACÊUTICOS, EDUCAÇÃO PARA A SAÚDE, PREVENÇÃO, AUTOCUIDADO, PRÁTICAS FARMACÊUTICAS, FARMACÊUTICOS, PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, DIABETES, PHARMACEUTICAL CARE, HEALTH EDUCATION, PREVENTION, SELF-CARE, PHARMACEUTICAL PRACTISES, PHARMACISTS