Pandemia Covid-19 nos idosos inserios em ERPI : perceção dos técnicos
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2023
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O aumento do envelhecimento demográfico tem demonstrado as fragilidades existentes no domínio das políticas sociais. A institucionalização do idoso surge frequentemente como indispensável e necessária por diversas razões, nomeadamente quando deixam de existir condições de permanência na sua habitação devido a perdas funcionais a nível físico, cognitivo e/ou relacional. A pandemia COVID-19 veio trazer alterações na sociedade, nomeadamente, necessidade de implementação de medidas para evitar a propagação da doença. Com o objetivo de compreender a perceção dos técnicos em relação ao impacto da pandemia COVID-19 nos idosos inseridos em ERPI, foram entrevistados 15 técnicos de ERPI’s de diferentes tipologias – IPSS, com fins lucrativos e Santa Casa da Misericórdia. Foi utilizada uma metodologia qualitativa recorrendo a entrevistas estruturadas. Como resultados, segundo os técnicos, as principais rotinas utilizadas foram a divisão dos idosos por alas/pisos, o condicionamento das visitas/saídas, o foco nas atividades individuais e a promoção do distanciamento social. As principais influências relatadas na vida dos idosos foram sentimentos de solidão, de isolamento e de estranheza, desorientação, conflitos entre utentes e declínio cognitivo e físico. Para estimular a funcionalidade individual foram dinamizadas atividades individuais de estimulação física e cognitiva e maior dinamismo da fisioterapia, psicomotricidade e da animação sociocultural e para a funcionalidade relacional houve um investimento nas novas tecnologias. As medidas adotadas focaram-se na separação dos espaços físicos, distribuição de atividades individuais, testagem em massa, aquisição/reforço dos EPI’s e no apoio das equipas exteriores. Como estratégias de combate à COVID-19 elencaram o aumento de analgésicos. O maior desafio identificado foi a gestão (de emoções, de recursos humanos e do espaço físico da estrutura) e as maiores oportunidades, o aumento de comunicação com a família, de acompanhamento e monitorização dos utentes e a utilização das tecnologias. Como conclusão, observou-se semelhanças entre as medidas adotadas pelas três estruturas, uma vez que todas se guiaram pelas orientações da DGS. As diferenças assentam na iniciação de Snoezelen na IPSS, as escalas para saídas dos quartos na Santa Casa da Misericórdia, e as visitas através de acrílico na ERPI com fins lucrativos.
The increase in demographic aging has demonstrated the existing weaknesses in the field of social policies. The institutionalization of the elderly is often seen as indispensable and necessary for several reasons, namely when there are no longer conditions to remain in their homes due to physical, cognitive and/or relational functional losses. The COVID-19 pandemic brought about changes in society, namely the need to implement measures to prevent the spread of the disease. With the purpose of understanding the technicians' perception of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the elderly in IEPs, 15 technicians from different types of IEPs - IPSS, for-profit and Santa Casa da Misericórdia - were interviewed. A qualitative methodology was used through structured interviews. According to the technicians, the main routines used were the division of the elderly by wards/floors, the conditioning of visits/exits, the focus on individual activities and the promotion of social distance. The main influences reported in the lives of the elderly were feelings of loneliness, isolation and strangeness, disorientation, conflicts between users, and cognitive and physical decline. To stimulate individual functionality, individual activities of physical and cognitive stimulation and greater dynamism of physiotherapy, psychomotricity and sociocultural animation were encouraged, and for relational functionality there was an investment in new technologies. The measures adopted focused on the separation of physical spaces, distribution of individual activities, mass testing, acquisition/reinforcement of PPE, and support from outside teams. As strategies to combat COVID-19 they listed the increase of painkillers. The biggest challenge identified was management (of emotions, human resources and the physical space of the structure) and the biggest opportunities were increased communication with the family, follow-up and monitoring of users and the use of technology. In conclusion, we observed similarities among the measures adopted by the three structures, since all were guided by the DGS guidelines. The differences are based on the initiation of Snoezelen in the IPSS, the scales for leaving the rooms in Santa Casa da Misericórdia, and the visits through acrylic in the for-profit ERPI.
The increase in demographic aging has demonstrated the existing weaknesses in the field of social policies. The institutionalization of the elderly is often seen as indispensable and necessary for several reasons, namely when there are no longer conditions to remain in their homes due to physical, cognitive and/or relational functional losses. The COVID-19 pandemic brought about changes in society, namely the need to implement measures to prevent the spread of the disease. With the purpose of understanding the technicians' perception of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the elderly in IEPs, 15 technicians from different types of IEPs - IPSS, for-profit and Santa Casa da Misericórdia - were interviewed. A qualitative methodology was used through structured interviews. According to the technicians, the main routines used were the division of the elderly by wards/floors, the conditioning of visits/exits, the focus on individual activities and the promotion of social distance. The main influences reported in the lives of the elderly were feelings of loneliness, isolation and strangeness, disorientation, conflicts between users, and cognitive and physical decline. To stimulate individual functionality, individual activities of physical and cognitive stimulation and greater dynamism of physiotherapy, psychomotricity and sociocultural animation were encouraged, and for relational functionality there was an investment in new technologies. The measures adopted focused on the separation of physical spaces, distribution of individual activities, mass testing, acquisition/reinforcement of PPE, and support from outside teams. As strategies to combat COVID-19 they listed the increase of painkillers. The biggest challenge identified was management (of emotions, human resources and the physical space of the structure) and the biggest opportunities were increased communication with the family, follow-up and monitoring of users and the use of technology. In conclusion, we observed similarities among the measures adopted by the three structures, since all were guided by the DGS guidelines. The differences are based on the initiation of Snoezelen in the IPSS, the scales for leaving the rooms in Santa Casa da Misericórdia, and the visits through acrylic in the for-profit ERPI.
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Orientação: Fátima Gameiro
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MESTRADO EM SERVIÇO SOCIAL - GESTÃO DE UNIDADES SOCIAIS E DE BEM-ESTAR, SERVIÇO SOCIAL, SOCIAL WORK, ENVELHECIMENTO, AGEING, LARES DE IDOSOS, COVID-19