Avaliação do funcionamento cognitivo e o impacto da institucionalização em população com 65 ou mais anos
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2021
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Tendo em conta o contexto de envelhecimento da sociedade atual, particularmente
em Portugal, com um índice de envelhecimento muito elevado que o posiciona nos primeiros
lugares em termos de envelhecimento populacional, a institucionalização ganha cada vez mais
importância e constitui uma necessidade na maioria dos casos, mas também, tem vindo a ser
uma opção pessoal para muitos idosos. Desta forma é relevante o desenvolvimento de estudos
no âmbito da institucionalização do idoso e a investigação na área do funcionamento
cognitivo e as suas alterações, para conseguir dar resposta as necessidades que surgem com o
avanço da idade e garantir o bem-estar geral da população idosa.
A presente dissertação avaliou e comparou o funcionamento cognitivo e o
ajustamento emocional de pessoas maiores de 65 anos que se encontravam institucionalizadas
numa residência Sénior privada, localizada numa zona privilegiada em Lisboa e outro grupo
de pessoas maiores que residiam na sua própria habitação, a amostra foi constituída por 50
participantes, 32 estavam institucionalizados e 18 residiam em habitação particular. O Grupo
de idosos institucionalizado tinha uma média de idade de 80 anos e o grupo não
institucionalizado de 74 anos. No referente às habilitações literárias os idosos
institucionalizados apresentaram maior nível de escolaridade com 44% dos participantes com
nível de ensino superior, em comparação com o grupo não institucionalizado que representou
o 22%. A avaliação do funcionamento cognitivo foi feita a através da aplicação das versões
portuguesas do Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB),
RUDAS e o Questionário de Memória de Trabalho (QMT). A avaliação da sintomatologia
depressiva foi feita a traves do Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) e Geriatric Depression
Scale-15 (GDS-15).
Os resultados foram analisados e comparados para verificar se existe algum impacto
no funcionamento cognitivo que possa estar associado à institucionalização. Não se
verificaram diferenças significativas nos resultados das provas que avaliaram o
funcionamento cognitivo nos dois grupos e os idosos institucionalizados apresentaram níveis
de depressão ligeiramente menores. Foram identificadas correlações negativas entre alguns
domínios cognitivos do MoCA e a FAB com a Idade e uma correlação positiva entre a idade e
os resultados totais da GDS.
Having in mind the aging context of today's society, particularly in Portugal, with a very high aging rate that places the country in first place in terms of population aging, institutionalization is increasingly important and constitutes a necessity in most cases, but also, it becamed a personal option for many seniors. Thus, the development of studies within the institutionalization of the elderly and research in the area of cognitive functioning and its changes, in order to meet the needs that arise with advancing age and ensure the general well being of the elderly population. This dissertation evaluated and compared the cognitive functioning and emotional adjustment of people over 65 years old who were institutionalized in a private senior residence, located in a privileged area in Lisbon and another group of older people who lived in their own homes, the sample was consisting of 50 participants, 32 were institutionalized and 18 lived in private housing. The institutionalized elderly group had an average age of 80 years and the non-institutionalized group was 74 years old. Regarding educational qualifications, institutionalized elderly people had a higher level of education with 44% of participants with a higher education level, compared to the non-institutionalized group that represented 22%. The assessment of cognitive functioning was carried out by applying the Portuguese versions of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), RUDAS and the Working Questionnaire (QMT). The evaluation of depressive symptoms was performed using the Beck Memory Depression Inventory (BDI) and Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15). The results were analyzed and compared to see if there is any impact on cognitive functioning that may be associated with institutionalization. There were no significant differences in the results of the tests that assessed cognitive functioning in both groups and the institutionalized elderly had slightly lower levels of depression. Negative correlations were identified between some cognitive domains of MoCA and FAB with Age and a positive correlation between age and total GDS results
Having in mind the aging context of today's society, particularly in Portugal, with a very high aging rate that places the country in first place in terms of population aging, institutionalization is increasingly important and constitutes a necessity in most cases, but also, it becamed a personal option for many seniors. Thus, the development of studies within the institutionalization of the elderly and research in the area of cognitive functioning and its changes, in order to meet the needs that arise with advancing age and ensure the general well being of the elderly population. This dissertation evaluated and compared the cognitive functioning and emotional adjustment of people over 65 years old who were institutionalized in a private senior residence, located in a privileged area in Lisbon and another group of older people who lived in their own homes, the sample was consisting of 50 participants, 32 were institutionalized and 18 lived in private housing. The institutionalized elderly group had an average age of 80 years and the non-institutionalized group was 74 years old. Regarding educational qualifications, institutionalized elderly people had a higher level of education with 44% of participants with a higher education level, compared to the non-institutionalized group that represented 22%. The assessment of cognitive functioning was carried out by applying the Portuguese versions of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), RUDAS and the Working Questionnaire (QMT). The evaluation of depressive symptoms was performed using the Beck Memory Depression Inventory (BDI) and Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15). The results were analyzed and compared to see if there is any impact on cognitive functioning that may be associated with institutionalization. There were no significant differences in the results of the tests that assessed cognitive functioning in both groups and the institutionalized elderly had slightly lower levels of depression. Negative correlations were identified between some cognitive domains of MoCA and FAB with Age and a positive correlation between age and total GDS results
Descrição
Orientação: Jorge Oliveira
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM NEUROPSICOLOGIA APLICADA, PSICOLOGIA, NEUROPSICOLOGIA, ENVELHECIMENTO, IDOSOS, PROCESSOS COGNITIVOS, DÉFICE COGNITIVO, DEMÊNCIA, DEPRESSÃO, IDOSOS INSTITUCIONALIZADOS, PSYCHOLOGY, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, ELDERLY, AGEING, COGNITIVE PROCESSES, COGNITIVE DEFICIT, DEMENTIA, DEPRESSION, INSTITUTIONALISED ELDERLY PEOPLE