A influência dos estereótipos de género nas relações íntimas de violência bidirecional
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Data
2022
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A violência nas relações de intimidade é um problema social com consequências significativas
para as vítimas. Apesar de vários estudos demonstrarem a existência da violência unidirecional,
são já vários os estudos que demonstram a existência de violência bidirecional nas relações de
intimidade. Assim, torna-se importante estudar este fenómeno porque existe dificuldade em
reconhecer quem é a vítima e o/a perpetrador/a nos casos de violência bidirecional. Os
estereótipos de género dificultam esse reconhecimento pois a sociedade coloca a mulher no
papel da vítima e o homem no papel do perpetrador. Este estudo tem como objetivo estudar a
violência bidirecional através de três cenários, onde os/as participantes tiveram de identificar a
vítima e o/a perpetrador/a, avaliar a gravidade da violência, e qual a resolução mais adequada.
Os cenários foram visualizados através de óculos de realidade virtual e em seguida os/as
participantes responderam a um questionário. Os resultados demonstram que os/as participantes
consideraram a violência física mais grave que a violência psicológica, a proporção de violência
“dominação feminina” mais grave que a “dominação masculina”, julgaram mais a mulher por
esta ter iniciado o conflito, e não consideram que houvesse diferenças para a responsabilidade,
a seriedade, e a gravidade da lesões na proporção de violência “dominação masculina”. As
implicações para a prática são aprofundar o conhecimento deste fenómeno, sensibilizar e
consciencializar a população e os serviços para a existência da violência bidirecional, e
desenvolver estratégias de prevenção e intervenção mais inclusivas que contribuam para a
alteração dos estereótipos de género ainda vigentes.
Palavras-chave: violência bidirecional; violência nas relações de intimidade; realidade virtual;
vítima; perpetrador
Violence in intimate relationships is a social problem with significant consequences for victims. Although several studies have demonstrated the existence of unidirectional violence, there are already several studies that demonstrate the existence of bidirectional violence in intimate relationships. Thus, it is important to study this phenomenon because it is difficult to recognize who the victim and the perpetrator are in cases of bidirectional violence. Gender stereotypes make this recognition difficult because society places the women in the role of the victim and men in the role of the perpetrator. This study aims to study bidirectional violence through three scenarios, where participants had to identify the victim and perpetrator, assess the violence’s severity, and what is the most appropriate resolution. The scenarios were visualized through virtual reality glasses and then the participants answered a questionnaire. The results show that the participants considered physical violence more severe than psychological violence, the proportion of violence "female-domination" more severe than "male-domination", judged more the woman because she initiated the conflict, and did not consider that there were differences for responsibility, seriousness, and severity of injuries in the proportion of violence "male domination". The implications for the practice are to deepen knowledge of this phenomenon, raise awareness and to raise awareness of the population and services about the existence of bidirectional violence, and to develop a more inclusive prevention and intervention strategies that contribute to the change of gender stereotypes still in force. Keywords: bidirectional violence; violence in intimate relationships; virtual reality; victim; perpetrator
Violence in intimate relationships is a social problem with significant consequences for victims. Although several studies have demonstrated the existence of unidirectional violence, there are already several studies that demonstrate the existence of bidirectional violence in intimate relationships. Thus, it is important to study this phenomenon because it is difficult to recognize who the victim and the perpetrator are in cases of bidirectional violence. Gender stereotypes make this recognition difficult because society places the women in the role of the victim and men in the role of the perpetrator. This study aims to study bidirectional violence through three scenarios, where participants had to identify the victim and perpetrator, assess the violence’s severity, and what is the most appropriate resolution. The scenarios were visualized through virtual reality glasses and then the participants answered a questionnaire. The results show that the participants considered physical violence more severe than psychological violence, the proportion of violence "female-domination" more severe than "male-domination", judged more the woman because she initiated the conflict, and did not consider that there were differences for responsibility, seriousness, and severity of injuries in the proportion of violence "male domination". The implications for the practice are to deepen knowledge of this phenomenon, raise awareness and to raise awareness of the population and services about the existence of bidirectional violence, and to develop a more inclusive prevention and intervention strategies that contribute to the change of gender stereotypes still in force. Keywords: bidirectional violence; violence in intimate relationships; virtual reality; victim; perpetrator
Descrição
Orientação: Andreia Machado
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM PSICOLOGIA FORENSE, PSICOLOGIA FORENSE, VIOLÊNCIA, VIOLÊNCIA NAS RELAÇÕES DE INTIMIDADE, REALIDADE VIRTUAL, VITIMAÇÃO, AGRESSORES SEXUAIS, FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY, VIOLENCE, INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE, VIRTUAL REALITY, VICTIMISATION, SEXUAL AGGRESSORS