Associação entre aptidão cardiorespitratória, pré-obesidade e obesidade no 4º ano do 1º ciclo do Ensino Básico Agrupamento de Escolas Professor Armando Lucena
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Data
2011
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Objectivo: Face à exiguidade de estudos em Portugal nesta temática, o objectivo do
estudo foi a análise entre a aptidão cardiorrespiratória (ACR), e a prevalência da préobesidade e obesidade em crianças do 4º ano do 1º ciclo.
Método: Foi efectuada uma revisão sistemática da literatura (RSL), evocando-se
estudos tranversais e de RCT, cruzando-se com resultados do estudo observacional, do
Agrupamento de Escolas Professor Armando Lucena, do concelho de Mafra, distrito de
Lisboa.
Do estudo de RSL, e estudo observacional, fez-se a análise da verificação da associação
inversa, entre a “aptidão cardiorespiratória, a pré-obesidade e obesidade”.
O estudo observacional, foi transversal, incidindo sobre 143 crianças, (73 raparigas) dos
9-12 anos de idade do concelho de Mafra. Foram utilizados os pontos de corte da
International Obesity Task Force (IOTF), para definir a pré-obesidade e obesidade.
Registou-se o IMC e a % Massa Gorda por bioimpedância. A avaliação da ACR foi
efectuada através do teste Vaivém 20 metros Fitnessgram, utilizando-se equação de
Fernhall et al., (1998).
Os alunos foram avaliados por questionário sobre actividade física (AF) extra-curricular
(QAD, Telama et al., 1997); os pais sobre os níveis AF (IPAQ, Bauman et al., 2009) e
estatuto sócio-económico (ESE).
Resultados: Os resultados do estudo observacional, corroboram os de outros estudos
RSL. Não houve diferenças entre géneros na prevalência de pré-obesidade e obesidade:
rapazes (20.55% e 8.21%) e raparigas (34.28% e 5.71%) (p<0.176).
As crianças com maior ACR têm menor IMC (p<0.01) e MG (p<0.001) e a idade não
esteve associada à ACR. Os pré-obesos são na sua maioria insuficientemente activos, e
os normoponderais são insuficientemente activos (p=0.033). Não houve associação
entre o ESE e AF dos pais e o IMC, ACR ou QAD dos alunos.
Com base nos resultados encontrados na revisão, procurou-se situar diferentes
abordagens teóricas sobre a actividade física, dando ênfase principal à importância “ da
promoção (acesso) da actividade física através da educação física orientada
pedagogicamente em todos os ciclos de ensino.
Conclusão: As crianças que tiveram maior ACR registaram menor IMC e MG,
independente da idade e do sexo. Verificou-se ainda que as variáveis de ESE e AF dos
pais, não está associada aos resultados da ACR, IMC e MG das crianças.
Objective: Given the paucity of studies in Portugal on this theme, the goal of the study was to analyse the of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children attending the fourth year of primary school. Method: A systematic literature review was conducted, in which cross-cutting studies and RCT were covered and, intersected with observational results obtained, from the group of Schools Professor Armando Lucena, located in, the municipality of Mafra, Lisbon district. From the systematic review of literature (SRL), plus the observational study, the verification analysis of the inverse association between 'cardiorespiratory fitness, preobesity and obesity' was performed.The observational study was cross-sectional, focusing on 143 children (73 girls) of 9-12 years old. To define overweight and obesity the IOTF cutoffs were used. BMI and percentage of fat mass were recorded by means of bioelectrical impedance. The assessment was made through the CRF test shuttle Fitnessgram 20 meters, using the equation proposed by Fernhall et al., (1998). Students were assessed by questionnaire on physical activity (PA), extra-curricular PA (PAF Telama et al., 1997); parents were questioned regarding their PA levels (IPAQ, Bauman et al., 2009) and socio-economic status (SES). Results: The results of the observational study, corroborate, other SRL studies. There were no gender differences in the prevalence of overweight and obesity: men (20. 55% and 8.21%) and girls (34.28% and 5.71%) (p <0.176). Children with higher BMI have a lower CRF (p <0.01) and MG (p <0.001). Age was not observed to be associated with CRF. The pre-obese are mostly insufficiently active, and the normalweight are insufficiently active (p = 0.033). There was no association between the PA, the ESS, the parents, and the BMI, the CRF or the PAF of the students. Based on the results found in the review, different theoretical approaches regarding physical activity were. Emphasis was given to the importance of promoting the access to physical activity through pedagogically oriented physical education in all cycles of education. Conclusion: Children who had higher ACR showed lower FAT and BMI, regardless of age and sex. Furthermore, it was found that parents’ SES and PA variables are, not associated to children’s CRF, BMI and FAT.
Objective: Given the paucity of studies in Portugal on this theme, the goal of the study was to analyse the of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children attending the fourth year of primary school. Method: A systematic literature review was conducted, in which cross-cutting studies and RCT were covered and, intersected with observational results obtained, from the group of Schools Professor Armando Lucena, located in, the municipality of Mafra, Lisbon district. From the systematic review of literature (SRL), plus the observational study, the verification analysis of the inverse association between 'cardiorespiratory fitness, preobesity and obesity' was performed.The observational study was cross-sectional, focusing on 143 children (73 girls) of 9-12 years old. To define overweight and obesity the IOTF cutoffs were used. BMI and percentage of fat mass were recorded by means of bioelectrical impedance. The assessment was made through the CRF test shuttle Fitnessgram 20 meters, using the equation proposed by Fernhall et al., (1998). Students were assessed by questionnaire on physical activity (PA), extra-curricular PA (PAF Telama et al., 1997); parents were questioned regarding their PA levels (IPAQ, Bauman et al., 2009) and socio-economic status (SES). Results: The results of the observational study, corroborate, other SRL studies. There were no gender differences in the prevalence of overweight and obesity: men (20. 55% and 8.21%) and girls (34.28% and 5.71%) (p <0.176). Children with higher BMI have a lower CRF (p <0.01) and MG (p <0.001). Age was not observed to be associated with CRF. The pre-obese are mostly insufficiently active, and the normalweight are insufficiently active (p = 0.033). There was no association between the PA, the ESS, the parents, and the BMI, the CRF or the PAF of the students. Based on the results found in the review, different theoretical approaches regarding physical activity were. Emphasis was given to the importance of promoting the access to physical activity through pedagogically oriented physical education in all cycles of education. Conclusion: Children who had higher ACR showed lower FAT and BMI, regardless of age and sex. Furthermore, it was found that parents’ SES and PA variables are, not associated to children’s CRF, BMI and FAT.
Descrição
Orientação: António Labisa Palmeira
Palavras-chave
EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA, DESPORTO, APTIDÃO CARDIORRESPIRATÓRIA, OBESIDADE, ENSINO BÁSICO 1º CICLO, CRIANÇAS, PHYSICAL EDUCATION, SPORT, CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS, OBESITY, PRIMARY EDUCATION, CHILDREN, MESTRADO EM EXERCÍCIO E BEM-ESTAR