Sustainable aviation fuels : a pathway to decarbonization in aviation – the case study of Swiss International Airlines

Abstract

Aviation is one of the most difficult industries to decarbonize due to technical and economic constraints. Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) are considered one of the most promising solutions to achieve the goal proposed by ICAO of net-zero carbon emissions by the year 2050. This thesis studied the implementation of SAF by SWISS International Airlines through a qualitative case study approach, based on an interview with a corporate sustainability expert and extensive analysis of corporate and institutional reports.The study finds that SWISS is following a multi-dimensional approach to integrate SAF into their flight operations, including direct procurement, partnerships with innovative producers, and consumer engagement via voluntary market mechanisms. Despite its environmental benefits, SAF still faces significant economic barriers, especially related to production costs, which are three to five times higher than those of carbon-based jet fuel. Regulations such as CORSIA, EU ETS, and ReFuelEU Aviation, combined with a growing consumer awareness and consequent demand for sustainable travel options, are determinant drivers for SAF adoption.This work contributes to the academic literature by providing empirical evidence from corporate practice, complementing existing techno-economic analysis. The findings offer practical evidence for students, airline professionals and policymakers, highlighting the importance of globally harmonized regulations and effective incentives. The thesis concludes that SAF implementation is challenging, but possible, and already underway - contributing to a broader transition toward a more sustainable aviation.