Descrição de 20 casos clínicos de doença articular degenerativa em equinos
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2017
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A claudicação é o motivo mais frequente de intervenção Médica Veterinária em cavalos
de desporto, sendo que a Doença Articular Degenerativa é uma causa muito comum de
claudicação.
Devido ás perdas de capacidade desportiva e económicas inerentes à claudicação
presente nos casos de Doença Articular Degenerativa, é útil estudar a abordagem a este tipo de
doença. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar os casos de Doença Articular Degenerativa
visualizados durante o período de estágio.
Foram selecionados vinte cavalos, maioritariamente de desporto e praticantes de várias
modalidades equestres, que apresentavam radiografias compatíveis com Doença Articular
Degenerativa. Os dados analisados foram a idade, sexo, trabalho efetuado, grau de claudicação,
articulação afetada, bloqueios positivos, flexões positivas, presença de distensão articular, tipo
de lesão radiográfica, o lado dos membros afetados, os membros afetados, o numero de
membros afetados, o numero de lesões encontradas, tratamento médico realizado e tratamento
de reabilitação realizado.
A maioria dos cavalos diagnosticados neste estudo são machos, de raça cruzada, e que
maioritariamente praticam saltos de obstáculos. Os membros mais afetados são os posteriores,
sendo as articulações do tarso as que apresentam mais lesões, observando-se frequentemente
distensão articular e claudicação de grau 2. A maioria dos cavalos apresentou apenas um
membro afetado, contudo foi comum a presença de mais do que uma lesão na mesma
articulação. A lesão mais encontrada foi a presença de osteofitose. O tratamento mais
frequentemente utilizado foi a combinação de anti-inflamatórios esteroides com ácido
hialurónico administrada por via intra-sinovial. Alguns cavalos tiveram também um tratamento
de medicina física e reabilitação, o que lhes possibilitou uma melhor recuperação.
Os resultados obtidos estão de acordo com o descrito na literatura, o que é expectável,
dada a confirmação clara de diagnóstico obtida para cada caso analisado neste trabalho,
associado ao facto de que a doença articular degenerativa é uma entidade clínica já bem
estudada e descrita em equinos. Confirma-se assim que, também na população estudada esta
doença é prevalente e constitui um problema médico para os cavalos, sendo, no entanto,
possível de diagnosticar corretamente e de aplicar tratamentos bem descritos e adequados.
Confirma-se também ser importante continuar a pesquisa nesta área, na tentativa de desenvolver
métodos de diagnóstico mais precoces e técnicas de tratamento mais eficazes na luta contra a
doença crónica.
Claudication is the most frequent reason for Veterinary Medical intervention in sport horses and Degenerative Articular Disease is a very frequent cause of claudication. Due to the losses of sporting and economic capacity of claudication present in most cases of Degenerative Articular Disease It is very useful to study the approach to this type of disease. The objective of this study was to analyze the cases of Degenerative Articular Disease visualized during the period of my curricular internship. Twenty horses were selected, mainly of sport and practitioners of several equestrian modalities with radiographs which reveal Degenerative Articular Disease. The analyzed data were age, sex, work done, degree of claudication, affected joint, positive blocks, positive flexions, presence of joint distension, type of radiographic lesions, affected limbs side, affected limbs number, number of found lesions, medical treatment and rehabilitation treatment performed. Most of the horses diagnosed in this study are male, crossbred, and mostly practice obstacle jumping. The most affected members are the posterior ones and the joints of the tarsus are the ones with most lesions, often with joint distension and degree 2 of claudication. Most horses had only one affected limb, but more than one joint was common. The most frequent lesion was the presence of osteophytosis. The most used treatment was the combination of steroid anti-inflammatory drugs with hyaluronic acid given intra-synovial. Some horses also had a physical medicine and rehabilitation treatment, which enabled them to recover better. The obtained results are in agreement with the described in the literature, which was expected, given the clear confirmation of obtained diagnosis for each analysed case in this study, associated with the fact that the degenerative articular disease is a well-studied and described in Equines clinical entity. It’s also confirmed that, in the studied population, this disease is prevalent and constitutes a medical problem for horses, but it’s possible to diagnose it correctly and to apply well described and adequate treatments. It’s also important to continue research in this area in an attempt to develop earlier diagnostic methods and more effective treatment techniques in the fight against chronic disease.
Claudication is the most frequent reason for Veterinary Medical intervention in sport horses and Degenerative Articular Disease is a very frequent cause of claudication. Due to the losses of sporting and economic capacity of claudication present in most cases of Degenerative Articular Disease It is very useful to study the approach to this type of disease. The objective of this study was to analyze the cases of Degenerative Articular Disease visualized during the period of my curricular internship. Twenty horses were selected, mainly of sport and practitioners of several equestrian modalities with radiographs which reveal Degenerative Articular Disease. The analyzed data were age, sex, work done, degree of claudication, affected joint, positive blocks, positive flexions, presence of joint distension, type of radiographic lesions, affected limbs side, affected limbs number, number of found lesions, medical treatment and rehabilitation treatment performed. Most of the horses diagnosed in this study are male, crossbred, and mostly practice obstacle jumping. The most affected members are the posterior ones and the joints of the tarsus are the ones with most lesions, often with joint distension and degree 2 of claudication. Most horses had only one affected limb, but more than one joint was common. The most frequent lesion was the presence of osteophytosis. The most used treatment was the combination of steroid anti-inflammatory drugs with hyaluronic acid given intra-synovial. Some horses also had a physical medicine and rehabilitation treatment, which enabled them to recover better. The obtained results are in agreement with the described in the literature, which was expected, given the clear confirmation of obtained diagnosis for each analysed case in this study, associated with the fact that the degenerative articular disease is a well-studied and described in Equines clinical entity. It’s also confirmed that, in the studied population, this disease is prevalent and constitutes a medical problem for horses, but it’s possible to diagnose it correctly and to apply well described and adequate treatments. It’s also important to continue research in this area in an attempt to develop earlier diagnostic methods and more effective treatment techniques in the fight against chronic disease.
Descrição
Orientação: Manuel Pequito ; co-orientação: Rita Rocha Pires
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINÁRIA, EQUÍDEOS, DOENÇAS DEGENERATIVAS, ARTICULAÇÕES, CLAUDICAÇÃO, VETERINARY MEDICINE, EQUIDS, DEGENERATIVE DISEASES, JOINTS, LAMENESS, CAVALOS, HORSES, ANIMAIS DE DESPORTO, SPORTS ANIMALS