Utilização de modelos farmacocinéticos de base fisiológica no desenvolvimento de novos fármacos
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Data
2013
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Nas últimas décadas tem-se verificado um aumento bastante acentuado da utilização de modelos in vitro e in silico para a obtenção de dados que permitem aumentar a eficácia de programas de desenvolvimento de novos fármacos.
Actualmente são utilizados dois tipos de modelos para descrever a farmacocinética de compostos químicos em função do tempo: modelos empíricos farmacocinéticos e modelos farmacocinéticos baseados na fisiologia (PBPK).
Modelos PBPK assumem que o corpo humano interage com os compostos químicos como um sistema integrado, pelo que um evento que ocorre numa zona do corpo poderá influenciar um evento a ocorrer noutra zona, aparentemente distinta.
Estes modelos assumem que o organismo humano é constituído por “compartimentos” que representam fisiologicamente os órgãos, tecidos e outros espaços fisiológicos.
Para a correcta utilização destes modelos é necessário determinar a estrutura do modelo e as suas características, escrever equações que o caracterizem, bem como definir e estimar os parâmetros deste.
Estes modelos têm vindo a ser usados no campo toxicológico e farmacêutico cada vez com maior frequência. No futuro poder-se-ão transformar numa ferramenta universal.
In the last decades there was a much accentuated increase in the usage of in vitro and in silico models, for obtaining data which allow an increase in the effectiveness of new drugs development programs. Nowadays, two types of models are used to describe chemical compounds pharmacokinetics: pharmacokinetic empiric models and physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models. PBPK models assume that the human body interacts in the chemical compounds as an integrated system: events occurring in one part of the body influence events occurring in another part of the body. These models assume that the human body can be represented by compartments that physiologically represent the organs, tissues and other spaces. For the current employment of these models we need to determine model structure and its characteristics, find equations that represent it as well as define and estimate its parameters. These models are being used in toxicology and pharmaceutics with increasing frequency. In the future they can become an universal tool.
In the last decades there was a much accentuated increase in the usage of in vitro and in silico models, for obtaining data which allow an increase in the effectiveness of new drugs development programs. Nowadays, two types of models are used to describe chemical compounds pharmacokinetics: pharmacokinetic empiric models and physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models. PBPK models assume that the human body interacts in the chemical compounds as an integrated system: events occurring in one part of the body influence events occurring in another part of the body. These models assume that the human body can be represented by compartments that physiologically represent the organs, tissues and other spaces. For the current employment of these models we need to determine model structure and its characteristics, find equations that represent it as well as define and estimate its parameters. These models are being used in toxicology and pharmaceutics with increasing frequency. In the future they can become an universal tool.
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Orientação : Paulo Jorge Pereira Alves Paixão
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FARMACOLOGIA, PHARMACOLOGY, QUÍMICA FARMACÊUTICA, PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY, MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, FARMACOCINÉTICA, PHARMACOKINETICS, CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES