Promoção do suporte social e dinâmica relacional de crianças e jovens em contexto de Acolhimento Residencial
Miniatura indisponível
Data
2024
Autores
Título da revista
ISSN da revista
Título do Volume
Editora
Resumo
As crianças/jovens que entram hoje no sistema de acolhimento são crianças com mais problemas de saúde mental, com comportamentos de perigo e com mais comportamentos de agressão. Associado a estas questões, constata-se que as próprias famílias são famílias mais descomprometidas e com problemas mais complexos. A transição do ambiente familiar para o ambiente de Acolhimento Residencial deixa marcas nas crianças/jovens e um sentimento de perda. Mas o Acolhimento tem o compromisso de recuperar a identidade de cada criança/jovem, restabelecer vínculos e promover uma base segura onde a criança/jovem se possa desenvolver. Aqui, as relações interpessoais e o suporte prestado por estas mesmas interações são cruciais. Tendo por base este quadro de referência, esta investigação teve como objetivos avaliar o impacto do Projeto D´AR-TE na perceção de suporte social das crianças/jovens das UR do PP e LR da SCMS acerca da família e do grupo de pares, compreender a dinâmica relacional destas crianças/jovens com as suas redes de suporte social e avaliar o contributo do Projeto D´AR-TE para a intervenção social em CAR. Para a execução dos objetivos utilizou-se uma metodologia mista. Como instrumentos foram utlizados as Escalas de Medida de Perceção do Suporte Social dos Amigos (PSS-Am) e da Família (PSS-Fam), Prova semi-projetiva de Fagulha e o EMBU- práticas parentais (crianças e figuras de referência), aplicadas no início e no final do projeto. Foram ainda realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas a 12 crianças/jovens e a 17 técnicos/monitores das UR do PP e LR da SCMS. Os resultados evidenciaram alterações estatisticamente significativas no aumento da perceção de suporte social da família e pares após a participação das crianças/jovens no Projeto D´AR-TE. Relativamente à perceção de suporte social da equipa educativa e técnica os resultados foram igualmente positivos em todos os tipos de suporte social. A dinâmica relacional entre técnicos/monitores e crianças/jovens foi avaliada positivamente, com evidência de melhoria em algumas dimensões, contudo não em todas. A avaliação geral do Projeto D´AR-TE revelou os contributos do mesmo para a promoção das competências pessoais, sociais e relacionais das crianças/jovens. Conclui-se que a intervenção no reforço do suporte social tem consequências positivas para a diminuição dos comportamentos de risco e para a melhoria do bem-estar das crianças e jovens em Acolhimento Residencial. Palavras-chave: Crianças e jovens em perigo, Acolhimento Residencial, Intervenção Social, Suporte Social, Projetos de intervenção.
The children/young people who are entering the foster care system nowadays are children with more mental health problems, more dangerous behaviors, and more aggressive behaviors. In addition to these issues, the families themselves are more uncommitted and have more complex problems. The transition from the family environment to residential care leaves its mark on children/young people and a sense of loss. But Residential Care is committed to recovering the identity of each child/young person, re-establishing bonds, and promoting a secure base where the child/young person can develop. Here, interpersonal relationships and the support provided by these interactions are crucial. Based on this frame of reference, the aims of this research were to analyze the impact of the D'AR-TE Project on the social support perceptions of children/young people from the SCMS's PP and LR URs about their families and peer groups, understanding the relational dynamics of these children/young people with their social support networks and evaluating the contribution of the D'AR-TE Project to social intervention in CAR. A mixed methodology was used to achieve these objectives. The instruments used were the Scales for Measuring the Perception of Social Support from Friends (PSS-Am) and Family (PSS-Fam), the semi-projective Fagulha Test and the EMBU - parenting practices (children and caregivers), applied at the beginning and end of the project. Furthermore, semi-structured interviews were carried out with 12 children/young people and 17 technicians/monitors from SCMS's PP and LR URs. The results showed statistically significant changes in the increased perception of social support from family and peers after the children/young people participated in the D'AR-TE Project. Regarding the perception of social support from the educational and technical team, the results were equally positive for all types of social support. The relational dynamic between technicians/monitors and children/young people was evaluated positively, with evidence of improvement in some dimensions, but not all. The general evaluation of the D'AR-TE Project revealed its contributions to promoting the personal, social, and relational competences of children/young people. It is concluded that the intervention to strengthen social support has positive consequences for reducing risk behaviors and improving the well-being of children and young people in residential care. Keywords: Children and young people in danger, Residential care, Social intervention, Social support, Intervention projects.
The children/young people who are entering the foster care system nowadays are children with more mental health problems, more dangerous behaviors, and more aggressive behaviors. In addition to these issues, the families themselves are more uncommitted and have more complex problems. The transition from the family environment to residential care leaves its mark on children/young people and a sense of loss. But Residential Care is committed to recovering the identity of each child/young person, re-establishing bonds, and promoting a secure base where the child/young person can develop. Here, interpersonal relationships and the support provided by these interactions are crucial. Based on this frame of reference, the aims of this research were to analyze the impact of the D'AR-TE Project on the social support perceptions of children/young people from the SCMS's PP and LR URs about their families and peer groups, understanding the relational dynamics of these children/young people with their social support networks and evaluating the contribution of the D'AR-TE Project to social intervention in CAR. A mixed methodology was used to achieve these objectives. The instruments used were the Scales for Measuring the Perception of Social Support from Friends (PSS-Am) and Family (PSS-Fam), the semi-projective Fagulha Test and the EMBU - parenting practices (children and caregivers), applied at the beginning and end of the project. Furthermore, semi-structured interviews were carried out with 12 children/young people and 17 technicians/monitors from SCMS's PP and LR URs. The results showed statistically significant changes in the increased perception of social support from family and peers after the children/young people participated in the D'AR-TE Project. Regarding the perception of social support from the educational and technical team, the results were equally positive for all types of social support. The relational dynamic between technicians/monitors and children/young people was evaluated positively, with evidence of improvement in some dimensions, but not all. The general evaluation of the D'AR-TE Project revealed its contributions to promoting the personal, social, and relational competences of children/young people. It is concluded that the intervention to strengthen social support has positive consequences for reducing risk behaviors and improving the well-being of children and young people in residential care. Keywords: Children and young people in danger, Residential care, Social intervention, Social support, Intervention projects.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
SOCIAL WORK, CHILDREN WELFARE CENTRE, YOUNG PEOPLE AT RISK, SOCIAL INTERVENTION, SOCIAL SUPPORT, SOCIAL PROJECTS, MESTRADO EM SERVIÇO SOCIAL - GESTÃO DE UNIDADES SOCIAIS E DE BEM-ESTAR, SERVIÇO SOCIAL, CENTROS DE ACOLHIMENTO DE CRIANÇAS, JOVENS EM RISCO, INTERVENÇÃO SOCIAL, SUPORTE SOCIAL, PROJETOS SOCIAIS, Mestrado em Serviço Social - Gestão de Unidades Sociais e de Bem-Estar