Os Direitos humanos em regime político Autonómico. O Caso dos Açores no âmbito da pandemia Covid-19
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Data
2021
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Edições Universitárias Lusófonas
Resumo
O direito à liberdade é um direito humano fundamental. Não é
absoluto, pois ele admite exceções fundadas e se garantida a sua essencialidade,
e com processo e atos próprios e intervenção de todos os órgãos de soberania,
incluindo os tribunais. Tal poder de exceção não compete às regiões autónomas,
nem ao órgão parlamentar legislativo, nem ao órgão governativo que tem um
poder normativo regulatório das leis. O governo dos Açores, na pandemia do
Covid-19, criou normas em 2020 que limitaram a liberdade de circulação,
mandando encarcerar em hotéis todo e qualquer passageiro que entrasse na Região,
violando a Constituição e o seu Estatuto Político. Constitui uma usurpação de
poderes de soberania, viola os princípios constitucionais da separação de poderes,
da constitucionalidade das normas, e da proibição de criação de categorias
de atos normativos não previstos na Constituição, e o princípio estatutário da
Região, a efetivação dos direitos fundamentais. E essa medida política constitui
perigosidade: é que a Região possui mecanismos próprios para obter os resultados
que pretendia em colaboração com o Estado: ou com um “estado de emergência
regional”, ou com a cooperação, ou com a iniciativa legislativa. Os processos
judiciais de habeas corpus mostram-nos condições precárias de encarceramento e
de violação excessiva da dignidade humana; mas se essas medidas foram aplicadas
a centenas de outros casos que não chegaram aos tribunais, e foram-no, nesse
pequeno período de tempo, a cerca de trezentas pessoas, a soma do sofrimento
desnecessário é avassaladora. Palavras-chave: Direitos fundamentais, Constituição, Região Autónoma, Governo Regional dos Açores, prisão ilegal, Covid-19.
The right to freedom is a fundamental human right. It is not absolute, as it admits well-founded exceptions and its essentiality is guaranteed, and with its own process and acts and the intervention of all sovereign bodies, including the courts. Such exceptional power does not belong to the autonomous regions, nor to the parliamentary legislative body, nor to the governing body that has a normative power to regulate the laws. The government of the Azores, in the Covid-19 pandemic, created rules in 2020 that limited freedom of movement, ordering to imprison in hotels any passenger entering the region, violating the Constitution and its Political Statute. It constitutes a usurpation of sovereign powers, violates the constitutional principles of separation of powers, the constitutionality of norms, and the prohibition of creating categories of normative acts not provided for in the Constitution, and the statutory principle of the Region, the realization of fundamental rights. And this political measure is dangerous: it is that the Region has its own mechanisms to obtain the results it intended in collaboration with the State: either with a “regional state of emergency”, or with cooperation, or with the legislative initiative. Habeas corpus lawsuits show us precarious conditions of imprisonment and excessive violation of human dignity; but if these measures were applied to hundreds of other cases that did not reach the courts, and were, in that short period of time, in about three hundred people, the sum of needless suffering is overwhelming. Keywords: Fundamental rights, Constitution, Autonomous Region, Regional Government of the Azores, Illegal imprisonment, Covid-19.
The right to freedom is a fundamental human right. It is not absolute, as it admits well-founded exceptions and its essentiality is guaranteed, and with its own process and acts and the intervention of all sovereign bodies, including the courts. Such exceptional power does not belong to the autonomous regions, nor to the parliamentary legislative body, nor to the governing body that has a normative power to regulate the laws. The government of the Azores, in the Covid-19 pandemic, created rules in 2020 that limited freedom of movement, ordering to imprison in hotels any passenger entering the region, violating the Constitution and its Political Statute. It constitutes a usurpation of sovereign powers, violates the constitutional principles of separation of powers, the constitutionality of norms, and the prohibition of creating categories of normative acts not provided for in the Constitution, and the statutory principle of the Region, the realization of fundamental rights. And this political measure is dangerous: it is that the Region has its own mechanisms to obtain the results it intended in collaboration with the State: either with a “regional state of emergency”, or with cooperation, or with the legislative initiative. Habeas corpus lawsuits show us precarious conditions of imprisonment and excessive violation of human dignity; but if these measures were applied to hundreds of other cases that did not reach the courts, and were, in that short period of time, in about three hundred people, the sum of needless suffering is overwhelming. Keywords: Fundamental rights, Constitution, Autonomous Region, Regional Government of the Azores, Illegal imprisonment, Covid-19.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
DIREITO, LAW, DIREITOS HUMANOS, REGIÕES AUTÓNOMAS, COVID-19, ESTADO DE EMERGÊNCIA, HUMAN RIGHTS, AUTONOMOUS AREAS, STATE OF EMERGENCY